The shade selection in restorative dentistry is one of the major challenges for clinicians when aiming to obtain restorations with optimal aesthetic results. This difficulty arises from the complex optical properties of enamel and dentin, and their interaction with surrounding tissues and light. The optical properties of dental hard tissues include hue, chroma, value, translucency, opalescence, and opacity. Traditional composite resins are available in varying degrees of translucency and opacity (enamel, body, and dentin composites) and a range of shades (A, B, C, D) and chromas (A1, A2, A3, A3.5, A4, etc.). Nowadays, the state of the art for accurately reproducing the appearance of a natural tooth consists of selecting and applying multiple layers of these multi-shade different composite masses in varying thicknesses, depending on the specific area of the tooth being restored. While this layering technique can yield excellent aesthetic results, it requires considerable clinical expertise and is often time-consuming. In recent years, to simplify this subjective process, most manufacturers have introduced so-called universal composites. These resins, with a limited number of shade masses, are designed to replicate all the necessary colors for a natural tooth. Among this innovative family of universal composites are single-shade resins, which are characterized by high translucency and advanced structural technology. These materials allow a single shade to blend seamlessly with the surrounding natural tooth, creating a "chameleon" effect, also named blending effect. The primary objective of this PhD thesis was to evaluate color matching and integration capabilities of single-shade composites in relation to surrounding dental tissues. A secondary goal was to assess the behavior of restorations made with single-shade composites following professional tooth bleaching, to determine whether these composites could adapt to match a newly altered substrate color. Additional objectives included the evaluation of color stability of single-shade composites after immersion in staining substances, compared to multi-shade resins. As a future perspective, it will be valuable to assess the clinical color integration of these composites in restorations performed in vivo and to monitor their color adaptation over longer follow-up periods.
La scelta del colore di un restauro al fine di ottenere un’estetica ottimale rappresenta una delle maggiori sfide per i clinici in odontoiatria conservativa estetica. Questa difficoltà è correlata alle specifiche proprietà ottiche dei tessuti duri dentali (smalto e dentina) ed all’interazione che questi hanno con i tessuti circostanti e con la luce. Le proprietà ottiche di smalto e dentina comprendono tinta, croma, valore, traslucenza, opalescenza, opacità. Le resine composite tradizionali presentano diversi gradi di traslucenza e opacità (compositi smalti, body e dentine) e diverse tinte (A, B, C, D) e cromi (A1, A2, A3, A3.5, A4 ecc). Attualmente, lo stato dell'arte per riprodurre accuratamente l'aspetto di un dente naturale consiste nel selezionare e applicare più strati di masse composite multi-shade in spessori variabili, a seconda dell'area specifica del dente da restaurare. Questa tecnica di stratificazione del composito permette di ottenere eccellenti risultati estetici ma richiede una certa esperienza clinica e lunghi tempi di realizzazione. Per cercare di semplificare questo processo decisionale così complesso ed estremamente soggettivo, negli ultimi anni molte aziende hanno prodotto dei compositi cosiddetti universali, cioè resine che con poche masse di colore fossero capaci di includere tutti i colori necessari per riprodurre il dente naturale. All’interno di questa innovativa categoria di compositi universali sono compresi anche le resine single-shade, ovvero quei materiali compositi dotati di elevata traslucenza e caratterizzati da una particolare tecnologia strutturale in grado, mediante una sola massa, di mimetizzarsi con il dente naturale circostante. L’effetto visivo che si ottiene è definito camaleontico. Lo scopo principale della presente tesi di dottorato di ricerca è stato quello di valutare l’adattamento dei compositi single-shade al tessuto dentale circostante in termini di corrispondenza di colore e integrazione cromatica. L’obiettivo secondario è stato quello di valutare il comportamento dei restauri eseguiti mediante compositi single-shade a seguito di sbiancamento professionale del dente restaurato, al fine di valutare se questi compositi fossero in grado di variare il proprio colore per uniformarsi ad un substrato circostante più chiaro. Ulteriori obbiettivi sono stati quelli di valutare la stabilità cromatica di compositi multi- e single-shade a seguito di immersione in sostanze coloranti. Sarà poi utile andare a studiare l’integrazione cromatica clinica di questa tipologia di compositi in restauri eseguiti in vivo ed il loro adattamento cromatico con folllow-up più lunghi nel tempo.
Analisi in vitro delle proprietà estetiche di un innovativo sistema a base di resine universali: valutazione delle proprietà ottiche, dell'integrazione cromatica e della stabilità del colore dei compositi single-shade
FORABOSCO, ELEONORA
2025
Abstract
The shade selection in restorative dentistry is one of the major challenges for clinicians when aiming to obtain restorations with optimal aesthetic results. This difficulty arises from the complex optical properties of enamel and dentin, and their interaction with surrounding tissues and light. The optical properties of dental hard tissues include hue, chroma, value, translucency, opalescence, and opacity. Traditional composite resins are available in varying degrees of translucency and opacity (enamel, body, and dentin composites) and a range of shades (A, B, C, D) and chromas (A1, A2, A3, A3.5, A4, etc.). Nowadays, the state of the art for accurately reproducing the appearance of a natural tooth consists of selecting and applying multiple layers of these multi-shade different composite masses in varying thicknesses, depending on the specific area of the tooth being restored. While this layering technique can yield excellent aesthetic results, it requires considerable clinical expertise and is often time-consuming. In recent years, to simplify this subjective process, most manufacturers have introduced so-called universal composites. These resins, with a limited number of shade masses, are designed to replicate all the necessary colors for a natural tooth. Among this innovative family of universal composites are single-shade resins, which are characterized by high translucency and advanced structural technology. These materials allow a single shade to blend seamlessly with the surrounding natural tooth, creating a "chameleon" effect, also named blending effect. The primary objective of this PhD thesis was to evaluate color matching and integration capabilities of single-shade composites in relation to surrounding dental tissues. A secondary goal was to assess the behavior of restorations made with single-shade composites following professional tooth bleaching, to determine whether these composites could adapt to match a newly altered substrate color. Additional objectives included the evaluation of color stability of single-shade composites after immersion in staining substances, compared to multi-shade resins. As a future perspective, it will be valuable to assess the clinical color integration of these composites in restorations performed in vivo and to monitor their color adaptation over longer follow-up periods.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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PhD Thesis E.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/189223
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-189223