Dietary and lifestyle choices can significantly influence the well-being of the gut and brain. It is well known that a diet high in processed foods, red meat, refined grains and foods high in sugar and fat can increase the risk of developing or exacerbating several pathological conditions, not limited to the gut. In particular, the excessive consumption of such foods can lead to the accumulation of Metylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive molecule that can bind to proteins and form Advanced glycated end-products (AGEs). My PhD project aims to extend our previous study, which evaluated the effects of chronic MGO intake on the brain in vivo, by investigating its impact on the intestinal tract and microbiota. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the complex role of MGO within the microbiota-gut-brain axis. To further explore the relationship between gut microbiota and the impact of metabolites it produces on gut health, the second part of my thesis will refer to studies conducted in collaboration with the APC Microbiome, Ireland. This line of research aims to investigate the effects of acute stress on the gut. Specifically, we focused on the impact of microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including butyrate, propionate, and acetate, on the integrity of the intestinal barrier. These results highlight the importance of an integrated approach to the study of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Understanding the interactions between diet and lifestyle may provide new perspectives for therapeutic interventions aimed at maintaining the balance of this complex system.
Le scelte alimentari e lo stile di vita possono influenzare in modo significativo il benessere dell’intestino e del cervello. È noto che una dieta ricca di cibi ultraprocessati, carni rosse, cereali raffinati e alimenti ad alto contenuto di zuccheri e grassi, può comportare il rischio di sviluppare o aggravare diverse condizioni patologiche non solo a livello intestinale. In particolare, un elevato consumo di tali alimenti può portare all’accumulo di Metylglyoxal (MGO), una molecola altamente reattiva che può legarsi alle proteine e formare gli Advanced glycated end prodocts (AGEs). Il mio progetto di dottorato ha come obbiettivo ampliare il nostro precedente studio, in cui abbiamo valutato gli effetti dell’assunzione cronica di MGO sul cervello in vivo, approfondendo ora il suo impatto sul tratto intestinale e sul microbiota. Questo tipo di ricerche ci permetterà di comprendere meglio il complesso ruolo del MGO nell’asse microbiota-intestino-cervello. Per esplorare ulteriormente la relazione tra microbiota intestinale e l’impatto dei metaboliti da esso prodotti sulla salute dell’intestino, nella seconda parte della mia tesi si farà riferimento a studi condotti in collaborazione con APC Microbiome, in Irlanda. Tale linea di ricerca mira a investigare gli effetti dello stress acuto a livello intestinale. In particolar, ci siamo concentrati sull’impatto di metaboliti derivanti dal microbiota, come gli short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) quali butirrato, propionato e acetato, sull’integrità della barriera intestinale. I risultati ottenuti sottolineano l’importanza di un approccio integrato allo studio dell’asse microbiota-intestino-cervello. Comprendere le interazoni tra dieta e stile di vita potrà fornire nuove prospettivie per interventi terapeutici mirati a mantenere l’equilibrio di questo complesso sistema.
Exploring the impact of methylglyoxal and microbiota-derived metabolites on the delicate balance of gut health regulation
TIRELLI, EMANUELA
2025
Abstract
Dietary and lifestyle choices can significantly influence the well-being of the gut and brain. It is well known that a diet high in processed foods, red meat, refined grains and foods high in sugar and fat can increase the risk of developing or exacerbating several pathological conditions, not limited to the gut. In particular, the excessive consumption of such foods can lead to the accumulation of Metylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive molecule that can bind to proteins and form Advanced glycated end-products (AGEs). My PhD project aims to extend our previous study, which evaluated the effects of chronic MGO intake on the brain in vivo, by investigating its impact on the intestinal tract and microbiota. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the complex role of MGO within the microbiota-gut-brain axis. To further explore the relationship between gut microbiota and the impact of metabolites it produces on gut health, the second part of my thesis will refer to studies conducted in collaboration with the APC Microbiome, Ireland. This line of research aims to investigate the effects of acute stress on the gut. Specifically, we focused on the impact of microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including butyrate, propionate, and acetate, on the integrity of the intestinal barrier. These results highlight the importance of an integrated approach to the study of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Understanding the interactions between diet and lifestyle may provide new perspectives for therapeutic interventions aimed at maintaining the balance of this complex system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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PhD Thesis_Emanuela Tirelli.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/190190
URN:NBN:IT:UNIBS-190190