Over the course of evolution, plants have developed multiple defensive strategies, including both a manifold arsenal of secondary metabolites and detoxification pathways, involving the biotransformation of xenobiotics and their compartmentalization or segregation. These responses intervene in most relationships between plants and biotic stress and they come into play in the perennial chemical warfare between mycotoxigenic fungi and cereals, the results of which impact food safety and security at a global level. The defensive metabolic responses of plants can be intended as the combination of multiple processes to many different exogenous stimuli, including the simultaneous environmental contamination by several mycotoxins, but the details of the interplay between this exposure and secondary metabolism are still to be fully elucidated in particular in the whole range of cereal crops. Therefore, four separate studies were conducted on a variety of cereals with the aim to better understand plant responses from a phytochemical perspective. Both open-field and in vitro studies were performed. In vitro studies, unlike those in the open field, allowed the evaluation of the reciprocal relationship between mycotoxins and the defensive mechanisms of plants, in a controlled environment.
Nel corso dell’evoluzione, le piante hanno sviluppato molteplici strategie difensive, tra cui sia un multiforme arsenale di metaboliti secondari che vie di disintossicazione, che coinvolgono la biotrasformazione degli xenobiotici e la loro compartimentazione o segregazione. Queste risposte intervengono nella maggior parte delle relazioni tra piante e stress biotici ed entrano in gioco nella perenne guerra chimica tra funghi micotossicogenici e cereali, i cui esiti impattano sulla sicurezza alimentare a livello globale. Le risposte metaboliche difensive delle piante possono essere intese come la combinazione di più processi a molti stimoli esogeni diversi, inclusa la contemporanea contaminazione ambientale da parte di diverse micotossine, ma i dettagli dell’interazione tra questa esposizione e il metabolismo secondario devono ancora essere completamente chiariti in particolare in tutta la gamma delle colture cerealicole. Pertanto, sono stati condotti quattro studi separati su varietà di cereali con l’obiettivo di comprendere meglio le risposte delle piante da una prospettiva fitochimica. Sono stati eseguiti sia studi in campo aperto che in vitro. Gli studi in vitro, a differenza di quelli in pieno campo, hanno permesso di valutare la relazione reciproca tra micotossine e meccanismi difensivi delle piante, in un ambiente controllato.
La complessa interazione metabolica tra cereali e micotossine: uno sguardo tra colture in campo aperto e in vitro
Marco, Gozzi;
2023
Abstract
Over the course of evolution, plants have developed multiple defensive strategies, including both a manifold arsenal of secondary metabolites and detoxification pathways, involving the biotransformation of xenobiotics and their compartmentalization or segregation. These responses intervene in most relationships between plants and biotic stress and they come into play in the perennial chemical warfare between mycotoxigenic fungi and cereals, the results of which impact food safety and security at a global level. The defensive metabolic responses of plants can be intended as the combination of multiple processes to many different exogenous stimuli, including the simultaneous environmental contamination by several mycotoxins, but the details of the interplay between this exposure and secondary metabolism are still to be fully elucidated in particular in the whole range of cereal crops. Therefore, four separate studies were conducted on a variety of cereals with the aim to better understand plant responses from a phytochemical perspective. Both open-field and in vitro studies were performed. In vitro studies, unlike those in the open field, allowed the evaluation of the reciprocal relationship between mycotoxins and the defensive mechanisms of plants, in a controlled environment.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi dottorato Marco Gozzi.pdf
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Final activity report Marco Gozzi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/193605
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPR-193605