This research stems from a case study, the project "Obiettivo Lavoro" ("Work Objective"), carried out by the Marco Biagi Foundation at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in 2022. It involved several upper secondary schools in the province of Modena, engaging students in participatory video workshops on the topic of young people's aspirations concerning their future in higher education or the labor market. Using an inductive approach, research questions were formulated based on empirical evidence gathered through direct participation in the workshops and the outcomes of questionnaires administered to students. Students with Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs) were placed at the center of a broader reflection on inclusive teaching practices, supported by multimedia tools. People with SLDs represent a diverse group at risk of exclusion, particularly within the educational context and during the transition to university and the labor market. The research was structured into three main phases. Initially, a literature review was conducted, along with an examination of the existing regulatory framework. Subsequently, field research was organized into three successive stages, each building on the findings of the previous one. The first stage analyzed the data from a satisfaction questionnaire administered to 108 students who participated in the "Obiettivo Lavoro" project. The second involved semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers and school administrators to explore the organizational dimension of inclusive education. The third stage extended the questionnaire to a total of 234 students to identify any differences between students with and without an SLD diagnosis in their outlook on future transitions from school to work or higher education. The findings across the three segments of the research align with the prevailing literature, suggesting that inclusive teaching improves the learning environment and motivation of students with SLDs. However, it is not inherently inclusive; its effectiveness depends on the quality of the materials and the competence of the teachers. Moreover, inclusive environments appear to benefit the entire student population. Nevertheless, challenges remain concerning material costs, teacher training, student privacy, and consistency in performance evaluations according to the established regulations. Legislation has played a crucial role in extending rights and improving conditions for students with disabilities. However, for these provisions to be effectively implemented, schools need to navigate an increasingly bureaucratic and standardized organizational framework.
La ricerca prende le mosse da un caso studio, il progetto «Obiettivo Lavoro», realizzato dalla Fondazione Marco Biagi dell’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, nel corso del 2022, che ha coinvolto alcune scuole secondarie di secondo grado della provincia di Modena, attraverso laboratori di video partecipativo, sul tema delle aspirazioni dei giovani rispetto alle aspirazioni verso il proprio futuro nell’Università o nel mercato del lavoro. Attraverso un approccio induttivo, a partire dalle evidenze empiriche emerse dalla partecipazione diretta ai laboratori e dagli esiti dei questionari somministrati a studenti e studentesse, sono state formulate le domande di ricerca che hanno guidato le successive fasi di indagine. Studenti e studentesse con DSA sono stati posti al centro di una riflessione che ha interessato in senso più ampio la didattica inclusiva, anche supportata da strumenti multimediali. Le persone con DSA, infatti, rappresentano una categoria composita, a rischio di esclusione soprattutto all’interno del contesto scolastico e nella transizione verso l’Università e il mondo del lavoro. La ricerca si è articolata in tre fasi principali. Inizialmente, è stata condotta una revisione della letteratura e una verifica del contesto normativo vigente. Successivamente, la ricerca sul campo è stata strutturata in tre passaggi successivi, ognuno basato sui risultati del precedente Il primo passaggio ha analizzato i dati di un questionario di gradimento somministrato ai 108 alunni e alunne che hanno partecipato al progetto obiettivo lavoro. Il secondo ha previsto interviste semi-strutturate a 15 docenti e dirigenti scolastici con lo scopo di esplorare la dimensione organizzativa scolastica nei confronti della didattica inclusiva. Il terzo passaggio ha esteso il questionario ad un totale di 234 studenti al fine di individuare eventuali differenze tra alunni e alunne con una certificazione di DSA o meno, nel modo di proiettarsi nel futuro nelle transizioni scuola-lavoro o scuola-università. I risultati delle analisi effettuate sui tre diversi segmenti della ricerca concordano con la letteratura prevalente sul fatto che la didattica inclusiva migliora l'ambiente di apprendimento e la motivazione degli studenti con DSA, pur non essendo di per sé intrinsecamente inclusiva, ma legando la propria efficacia alla qualità del materiale e alla competenza degli insegnanti. I contesti inclusivi, inoltre, sembrano giovare a tutta la popolazione studentesca. Tuttavia, emergono criticità legate ai costi materiali, alla formazione dei docenti, alla privacy degli studenti e alla coerenza nelle valutazioni di merito rispetto a quanto previsto dalla normativa. La legislazione ha avuto un ruolo cruciale, estendendo i diritti e migliorando le condizioni per gli studenti con disabilità ma, per trovare effettiva applicazione, richiede un’attenzione dell’organizzazione scolastica sempre più vincolata entro una cornice burocratica e di standardizzazione.
«Obiettivo lavoro». Le proiezioni nel futuro delle giovani generazioni modenesi e la scuola come spazio di possibilità
SCARPA, ANTONELLA
2025
Abstract
This research stems from a case study, the project "Obiettivo Lavoro" ("Work Objective"), carried out by the Marco Biagi Foundation at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in 2022. It involved several upper secondary schools in the province of Modena, engaging students in participatory video workshops on the topic of young people's aspirations concerning their future in higher education or the labor market. Using an inductive approach, research questions were formulated based on empirical evidence gathered through direct participation in the workshops and the outcomes of questionnaires administered to students. Students with Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs) were placed at the center of a broader reflection on inclusive teaching practices, supported by multimedia tools. People with SLDs represent a diverse group at risk of exclusion, particularly within the educational context and during the transition to university and the labor market. The research was structured into three main phases. Initially, a literature review was conducted, along with an examination of the existing regulatory framework. Subsequently, field research was organized into three successive stages, each building on the findings of the previous one. The first stage analyzed the data from a satisfaction questionnaire administered to 108 students who participated in the "Obiettivo Lavoro" project. The second involved semi-structured interviews with 15 teachers and school administrators to explore the organizational dimension of inclusive education. The third stage extended the questionnaire to a total of 234 students to identify any differences between students with and without an SLD diagnosis in their outlook on future transitions from school to work or higher education. The findings across the three segments of the research align with the prevailing literature, suggesting that inclusive teaching improves the learning environment and motivation of students with SLDs. However, it is not inherently inclusive; its effectiveness depends on the quality of the materials and the competence of the teachers. Moreover, inclusive environments appear to benefit the entire student population. Nevertheless, challenges remain concerning material costs, teacher training, student privacy, and consistency in performance evaluations according to the established regulations. Legislation has played a crucial role in extending rights and improving conditions for students with disabilities. However, for these provisions to be effectively implemented, schools need to navigate an increasingly bureaucratic and standardized organizational framework.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/196047
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-196047