A comparison among different dental restorative materials: morphological characterization and ageing effects

The Giomer is a unique class of restorative materials that has the distinguishing feature of a stable glass ionomer core in a protective resin matrix. This arrangement allows for protection of the glass core from moisture giving it longterm aesthetics and durability of conventional composites with ion release and recharge. This surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) gives these materials composite-like durability, handling, and aesthetics as well as significant release of fluoride ions re-chargeability. In recent years, this new type of glass filler, has been receiving attention in clinical papers and on the lecture circuit, but now only few published papers are available on the properties this materials. Aim of this in vitro study was to investigate on the morphological and structural characteristics of Giomers in order to make a comparative analysis with others four restorative materials and to provide all information required in terms of processability, mechanical and the optical properties, crystalline nature, aesthetic features and clinical duration of the product considering also that many other Giomers products will become available in the future. Moreover, a deep investigation has been carried out about the aging phenomena which could induce loss in weight or modifications in material surface.