Critical raw materials (CRMs) are essential for technological development but suffer from limited supply and high costs. Circular economy initiatives, such as recycling, upcycling, and reusing electronic waste, are important for sustainable progress. The same transition metals and rare earth elements have a commonly known role in catalytic processes for organic synthesis. Recent advancements in recovering Sm-Co magnets opened new opportunities for upcycling for chemical processes. Therefore, this thesis describes the use of a Sm/Co metal mixture and of the Sm(III)-Co(II) recovered waste as catalysts. A simulated waste mixture of metals has successfully mediated SmI2 reductions and asymmetric MPV reactions, while the recovered chloride mixture was employed as a Sm(III) or Co(II) catalyst, or in electrosynthesis. Natural product intermediates, APIs and aromatic fragrances have been prepared with this upcycled material.
Le materie prime critiche (CRM) sono essenziali per lo sviluppo tecnologico ma soffrono di una fornitura scarsa e di alti costi. Le proposte di economia circolare, come il riciclo, l’upcycling e il riutilizzo di rifiuti elettronici, sono importanti per un progresso sostenibile. Gli stessi metalli di transizione e terre rare hanno un ruolo ben noto nei processi catalitici in sintesi organica. Recenti sviluppi nel recupero di magneti Sm-Co hanno aperto a nuove opportunità per l’upcycling per processi chimici. Pertanto, questa tesi descrive l’uso di una miscela metallica Sm/Co e degli scarti recuperati Sm(III)-Co(II) come catalizzatori. Una miscela simulata di metalli ha mediato con successo riduzioni da SmI2 e reazioni MPV asimmetriche, mentre la miscela di cloruri recuperata è stata impiegata come catalizzatore di Sm(III) o Co(II), oppure in elettrosintesi. Intermedi di prodotti naturali, API e fragranze aromatiche sono state preparate con questo materiale riciclato.
Recycle of Critical Raw Materials from WEEE as Catalysts in Chemical Transformations
MINERVINI, SAVERIO
2025
Abstract
Critical raw materials (CRMs) are essential for technological development but suffer from limited supply and high costs. Circular economy initiatives, such as recycling, upcycling, and reusing electronic waste, are important for sustainable progress. The same transition metals and rare earth elements have a commonly known role in catalytic processes for organic synthesis. Recent advancements in recovering Sm-Co magnets opened new opportunities for upcycling for chemical processes. Therefore, this thesis describes the use of a Sm/Co metal mixture and of the Sm(III)-Co(II) recovered waste as catalysts. A simulated waste mixture of metals has successfully mediated SmI2 reductions and asymmetric MPV reactions, while the recovered chloride mixture was employed as a Sm(III) or Co(II) catalyst, or in electrosynthesis. Natural product intermediates, APIs and aromatic fragrances have been prepared with this upcycled material.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Minervini PhD Thesis.pdf
embargo fino al 30/09/2026
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/197621
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPV-197621