This doctoral research explores new forms of social inclusion for young adults with intellectual disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the Green perspective of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR). Situated within the field of Special Pedagogy, the study employs the Quality of Life (QoL) model, a well-established theoretical framework in disability studies (Schalock & Verdugo, 2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015b). This holistic paradigm extends beyond therapeutic and care-based approaches, focusing instead on enhancing social inclusion and quality of life through structured, long-term project-based interventions (Schalock et al., 2010; Zorzi, 2016a). At the core of this research is the "Tuttincampo: Social Agriculture and Inclusivity" project—an experimental initiative involving five young individuals with intellectual disabilities, including Autism Spectrum Disorder, in social agriculture activities. The project, implemented in collaboration with the University of Macerata, the National Association of Families of People with Intellectual and/or Relational Disabilities (Anffas) of Macerata, and a local agricultural enterprise, was funded by the Marche Region . Its goal is to demonstrate how Green welfare practices can improve social participation and quality of life for individuals with disabilities (Borsotto & Giarè, 2020; Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019). The theoretical framework of the project is rooted in the multidimensional QoL model proposed by Schalock and Verdugo (2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015). The QoL construct is applied as an operational tool for designing inclusive interventions, integrating both objective and subjective dimensions of well-being. Assessment tools such as the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) (WHO, 2001a), the Support Intensity Scale (SIS), and the Personal Outcomes Scale (POS) are utilized to monitor progress and measure intervention impact, offering a comprehensive perspective on participants' well-being (Cummins, 2015; Schalock et al., 2010). This research stands out for its innovative approach, which combines environmental sustainability and social inclusion to address the challenges of intellectual disabilities, including limited social participation and barriers to personal autonomy (Cottini, 2024; Giaconi, 2015b). Social agriculture, in particular, represents an optimal setting for testing inclusive welfare models, providing opportunities for learning, employment, and socialization (Murray et al., 2019; Giarè et al., 2020). Internationally, these practices are recognized as effective tools for tackling social and environmental challenges, fostering both personal and community well-being (Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019; Elings et al., 2022). The findings of this study contribute to scientific discourse by demonstrating how QoL-based interventions can support the development of meaningful life paths for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Through data analysis, the project highlights the effectiveness of integrated and personalized approaches in promoting social inclusion and well-being. Moreover, adopting the QoL model enables the development of person-centered planning tools, helping to overcome traditional cultural and structural barriers (Zorzi, 2016b). This research provides an empirical contribution to academic literature, offering evidence on the impact of social agriculture initiatives. Additionally, it proposes policy recommendations to promote greater integration between environmental sustainability and social welfare. Specifically, it underscores the importance of a multidimensional and participatory approach in designing interventions for individuals with intellectual disabilities (Giarè et al., 2020; Schalock & Verdugo, 2012), providing a replicable model for other contexts.
Il presente lavoro di ricerca si concentra sull'esplorazione di nuove forme di inclusione sociale per giovani adulti con disabilità intellettive attraverso la prospettiva Green del Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR). L’indagine si inserisce nel contesto della Pedagogia Speciale e utilizza il framework della Qualità di Vita (QdV), un modello teorico consolidato nel campo delle disabilità (Schalock & Verdugo, 2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015b). Questo paradigma olistico non si limita a considerare gli aspetti terapeutici e assistenziali, ma mira a promuovere l’inclusione sociale e il miglioramento delle condizioni di vita delle persone attraverso interventi progettuali e di lungo termine (Schalock et al., 2010; Zorzi, 2016a). Il fulcro della ricerca è rappresentato dal progetto "Tuttincampo: Agricoltura sociale e Inclusività", un’iniziativa sperimentale che ha coinvolto cinque giovani con disabilità intellettive, tra cui il Disturbo dello Spettro Autistico, in attività di agricoltura sociale. Questo progetto, realizzato in collaborazione dall’Università degli Studi di Macerata, l’Associazione Nazionale Famiglie di Persone con Disabilità Intellettive e/o Relazionali (Anffas) di Macerata, e un’azienda agricola locale, e finanziato dalla Regione Marche, si propone di dimostrare come pratiche di Green Welfare possano migliorare la partecipazione sociale e la qualità della vita di persone con disabilità (Borsotto & Giarè, 2020; Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019). La cornice teorica del progetto si basa sul modello multidimensionale della QdV di Schalock e Verdugo (2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015). Il costrutto della QdV viene applicato come strumento operativo per progettare interventi inclusivi, integrando dimensioni oggettive e soggettive del benessere attraverso strumenti di valutazione quali l'International Classification of Functioning (ICF) (WHO, 2001a), la Support Intensity Scale (SIS), e la Personal Outcomes Scale (POS). Tali strumenti consentono di monitorare i progressi e misurare l’impatto degli interventi, fornendo una visione olistica del benessere dei partecipanti (Cummins, 2015; Schalock et al., 2010). Il progetto si distingue per il suo approccio innovativo, che integra sostenibilità ambientale e inclusione sociale, rispondendo alle sfide poste dalle disabilità intellettive, come la limitata partecipazione sociale e le barriere all’autonomia personale (Cottini, 2024; Giaconi, 2015b). L’agricoltura sociale, in particolare, rappresenta un contesto privilegiato per sperimentare modelli di welfare inclusivo, offrendo opportunità di apprendimento, lavoro e socializzazione (Murray et al., 2019; Giarè et al., 2020). A livello internazionale, queste pratiche sono riconosciute come strumenti efficaci per affrontare le sfide sociali e ambientali, promuovendo il benessere personale e comunitario (Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019; Elings et al., 2022). I risultati dello studio offrono un contributo alla riflessione scientifica in merito all’impatto che gli interventi mirati ‒ costruiti e orientati a partire dal paradigma della QdV ‒, possano contribuire alla costruzione di percorsi di vita significativi per le persone con disabilità intellettive. Attraverso un’analisi dei dati raccolti, il progetto dimostra l’efficacia di approcci integrati e personalizzati nella promozione dell’inclusione sociale e del benessere. Inoltre, l’adozione del modello della QdV consente di sviluppare strumenti per la pianificazione di interventi centrati sulla persona, superando le tradizionali barriere culturali e strutturali (Zorzi, 2016b). Questo studio fornisce un contributo alla letteratura scientifica fornendo evidenze empiriche sull’efficacia di azioni progettuali che includono pratiche di agricoltura sociale, e suggerisce raccomandazioni per politiche pubbliche che favoriscano una maggiore integrazione tra sostenibilità ambientale e welfare sociale. In particolare, sottolinea l’importanza di un approccio multidimensionale e partecipativo nella progettazione di interventi per persone con disabilità intellettive (Giarè et al., 2020; Schalock & Verdugo, 2012), offrendo un modello replicabile per altri contesti.
NUOVE FORME DI INCLUSIONE SOCIALE ATTRAVERSO LA PROSPETTIVA GREEN DEL PNRR: PROGETTI DI QUALITÀ DELLA VITA PER GIOVANI CON INDROME DELLO SPETTRO AUTISTICO O DISABILITÀ INTELLETTIVA.
MARFOGLIA, ALESSANDRA
2025
Abstract
This doctoral research explores new forms of social inclusion for young adults with intellectual disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the Green perspective of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR). Situated within the field of Special Pedagogy, the study employs the Quality of Life (QoL) model, a well-established theoretical framework in disability studies (Schalock & Verdugo, 2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015b). This holistic paradigm extends beyond therapeutic and care-based approaches, focusing instead on enhancing social inclusion and quality of life through structured, long-term project-based interventions (Schalock et al., 2010; Zorzi, 2016a). At the core of this research is the "Tuttincampo: Social Agriculture and Inclusivity" project—an experimental initiative involving five young individuals with intellectual disabilities, including Autism Spectrum Disorder, in social agriculture activities. The project, implemented in collaboration with the University of Macerata, the National Association of Families of People with Intellectual and/or Relational Disabilities (Anffas) of Macerata, and a local agricultural enterprise, was funded by the Marche Region . Its goal is to demonstrate how Green welfare practices can improve social participation and quality of life for individuals with disabilities (Borsotto & Giarè, 2020; Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019). The theoretical framework of the project is rooted in the multidimensional QoL model proposed by Schalock and Verdugo (2002/2006; Giaconi, 2015). The QoL construct is applied as an operational tool for designing inclusive interventions, integrating both objective and subjective dimensions of well-being. Assessment tools such as the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) (WHO, 2001a), the Support Intensity Scale (SIS), and the Personal Outcomes Scale (POS) are utilized to monitor progress and measure intervention impact, offering a comprehensive perspective on participants' well-being (Cummins, 2015; Schalock et al., 2010). This research stands out for its innovative approach, which combines environmental sustainability and social inclusion to address the challenges of intellectual disabilities, including limited social participation and barriers to personal autonomy (Cottini, 2024; Giaconi, 2015b). Social agriculture, in particular, represents an optimal setting for testing inclusive welfare models, providing opportunities for learning, employment, and socialization (Murray et al., 2019; Giarè et al., 2020). Internationally, these practices are recognized as effective tools for tackling social and environmental challenges, fostering both personal and community well-being (Di Iacovo & O’Connor, 2019; Elings et al., 2022). The findings of this study contribute to scientific discourse by demonstrating how QoL-based interventions can support the development of meaningful life paths for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Through data analysis, the project highlights the effectiveness of integrated and personalized approaches in promoting social inclusion and well-being. Moreover, adopting the QoL model enables the development of person-centered planning tools, helping to overcome traditional cultural and structural barriers (Zorzi, 2016b). This research provides an empirical contribution to academic literature, offering evidence on the impact of social agriculture initiatives. Additionally, it proposes policy recommendations to promote greater integration between environmental sustainability and social welfare. Specifically, it underscores the importance of a multidimensional and participatory approach in designing interventions for individuals with intellectual disabilities (Giarè et al., 2020; Schalock & Verdugo, 2012), providing a replicable model for other contexts.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/199623
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMC-199623