The prevalence of allergic diseases like asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis, has been increasing in this last two decades from 1 to 30% and the allergic disease seems to be the more common cause of chronic diseases. Currently, the therapy commonly used is only symptom controlling. Several works have shown the key role of dendritic cells (DC) in induction and maintenance of allergic inflammation. Mc Ewen in 1972 treated patients allergic to grass pollen with ialuronidase and a mixture of allergens. The solution was contaminated by β-glucuronidase (BG) and he discovered that this enzyme was responsible of therapeutic benefit. Recent works demonstrated that patients treated with BG show a decrease of symptoms accompanied with a decrease of drug intake and the analysis of cytokine production by DC showed a switch from a Th2 to a Th1 profile. We hypothesize that BG reacts with endogen agents like heparan sulphate, chondroitin sulphate or glycosaminoglycans present in the cellular matrix, and its degradation products bind the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DC surface inducing the immune response to shift from Th2 to Th1 profile. The aim of the study is investigate the effects of BG in vivo in a mouse model of allergy and in vitro on human DC. This study showed that BG injections in mice determines a reduced production of ovalbumin specific IgE, that BG does not modify DC differentiation from monocytes and, surprisingly, that a Low molecular weight (MW) fraction obtained by BG purification induces DC maturation and IL-12 production, promoting a Th1 response. The biochemical characterization of this fraction is going and this identification might be very important to the production of a immunotherapy that has an immediate action on symptoms and that can be used in monoallergic and poliallergic patients.
La prevalenza di malattie allergiche come l’asma, la rinite e la dermatite, sono incrementate negli ultimi venti anni dall’1 al 30% e la malattia allergica sembra essere la causa più comune di malattia cronica. Correntemente la terapia più comunemente usata è solo basata sul controllo dei sintomi. Diversi lavori hanno mostrato il ruolo chiave delle cellule dendritiche (DC) nell’induzione e nel mantenimento dell’infiammazione allergica. Mc Ewen in un lavoro del 1972 trattò pazienti allergici ai pollini con ialuronidasi e una mistura di allergeni. La soluzione era contaminata dalla β-glucuronidasi (BG) e lui scoprì che questo enzima era il responsabile del beneficio terapeutico. Lavori recenti hanno dimostrato che pazienti trattati con BG mostrano una diminuzione dei sintomi accompagnata ad una diminuzione dell’uso di farmaci e l’analisi della produzione di citochine da parte delle DC hanno mostrato uno spostamento dal profile Th2 a quello Th1. Noi ipotizziamo che la BG reagisca con agenti endogeni come l’eparan solfato, la condroitin solfato o glucosaminoglicani contenuti nella matrice cellulare, e che i suoi prodotti di degradazione leghino il recettore Toll-like 4 (TLR4) sulle DC inducendo la risposta immunitaria a spostare il profilo da Th2 a Th1. Lo scopo dello studio è investigare sugli effetti della BG in vivo in un modello murino allergico e in vitro sulle DC umane. Questo studio ha mostrato che iniezioni di BG in topi determina una ridotta produzione di IgE specifiche per OVA , che la BG non modifica la differenziazione delle DC da monociti e, sorprendentemente, che una frazione a bassi pesi molecolari ottenuta dalla purificazione della BG induce la maturazione delle DC e la produzione di IL-12 , promuovendo una risposta Th1. La caratterizzazione biochimica di questa frazione sta andando avanti e questa identificazione può essere molto importante per la produzione di un vaccino che abbia un’azione immediata sui sintomi del paziente e che possa essere usata in pazienti monoallergici e poliallergici.
Study on biological effects of β-glucuronidase in vivo and in vitro
Silvia, Mazzia
2008
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases like asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis, has been increasing in this last two decades from 1 to 30% and the allergic disease seems to be the more common cause of chronic diseases. Currently, the therapy commonly used is only symptom controlling. Several works have shown the key role of dendritic cells (DC) in induction and maintenance of allergic inflammation. Mc Ewen in 1972 treated patients allergic to grass pollen with ialuronidase and a mixture of allergens. The solution was contaminated by β-glucuronidase (BG) and he discovered that this enzyme was responsible of therapeutic benefit. Recent works demonstrated that patients treated with BG show a decrease of symptoms accompanied with a decrease of drug intake and the analysis of cytokine production by DC showed a switch from a Th2 to a Th1 profile. We hypothesize that BG reacts with endogen agents like heparan sulphate, chondroitin sulphate or glycosaminoglycans present in the cellular matrix, and its degradation products bind the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DC surface inducing the immune response to shift from Th2 to Th1 profile. The aim of the study is investigate the effects of BG in vivo in a mouse model of allergy and in vitro on human DC. This study showed that BG injections in mice determines a reduced production of ovalbumin specific IgE, that BG does not modify DC differentiation from monocytes and, surprisingly, that a Low molecular weight (MW) fraction obtained by BG purification induces DC maturation and IL-12 production, promoting a Th1 response. The biochemical characterization of this fraction is going and this identification might be very important to the production of a immunotherapy that has an immediate action on symptoms and that can be used in monoallergic and poliallergic patients.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
TESI DOTTORATO Silvia Mazzia.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.16 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.16 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/199939
URN:NBN:IT:UNIROMA2-199939