La comunità del gusto kantiana come modello per una comunità interculturale

In these pages, I propose a pathway that starts from the analysis of communities outlined by Kant, passing through a general overview of multicultural perspectives, to arrive at a possible taxonomy of axiological judgements in the intercultural sphere. This is aimed at fostering conscious communication in plural contexts. If an intercultural community wishes to promote dialogue and interactivity between its members, it has to be effective first of all from a communicative point of view. In contrast to the Kantian political and ethical-religious communities - which make more or less direct reference to practical moral universality - in the community of taste of the Third Critique the aspect of communicability is especially emphasises. This community, by virtue of its characteristics of inter-subjectivity, dynamism, non-determinability and absence of coercion, is a community that is well suited to the acceptance and preservation of the differences, and that takes into account the coexistence of different points of view. I therefore propose to consider the formal structure of the aesthetic normativity of the Third Critique as a starting point for outlining a communicative model capable of fostering a fruitful and conscious intercultural communication. After an analysis of the communities outlined by Kant, I will examine the notion of aesthetic normativity by referring to the contemporary debate on subjective universality, and I will deepen the concept of sensus communis, which I will propose as the central element of a processual normativity. This kind of normativity manages, in fact, to take into account the unpredictability component of human life, as well as the modifiability of norms and the importance of the everyday context. These reflections refer to the problem of the relationship between the universal and the particular, and attempt to find a mediation between these dimensions through the common, so as to avoid both the rigidity of fundamentalism and the indifference of relativism. I will then proceed with a brief overview of multicultural and intercultural perspectives in order to frame the challenge of plural contexts from a more contemporary perspective. Finally, I will propose a taxonomy of axiological judgments (1. Integrable, 2. Acceptable, 3. Inacceptable) in the intercultural sphere as a first possible approach for the dialogue. This taxonomy is understood as a dynamic model that takes into account the importance of differences, as well as the characteristics of the Kantian aesthetic community. It is not conceived as a series of imperatives, laws or prescriptions that cannot be changed, but it is aimed to provide a minimum and simple regulative scheme to create and preserve a modifiable common ground, a public space in which confrontation is possible, avoiding isolation between different communities in view of an active and conscious coexistence.