Emergency is an unforeseen circumstance of varying duration, which generates a state of change that requires immediate management intervention to try to remedy the consequences. Normally when we talk about the term “emergency,” the first situations that come to mind may be those related to human safety such as floods, seismic events, avalanches, etc. However, today, the increased awareness of environmental impacts, whose effects also spread elsewhere triggering irreversible processes, has brought forth new risks that can endanger the already precarious stability of a society and its ecosystems, generating new unforeseen events that find unprepared the contexts affected by the emergency. To the danger conditions recognized by society, indeed, are added all those emerging and potentially harmful phenomena resulting from a greater awareness of the limits and resources of the planet; this implies its immediate collapse due to climate change and, at the same time, a series of diffuse social crises that feed fears. Based on emergent contingencies, design has always implemented a preventive approach by first studying the potentially harmful phenomenon, then developing efficient solutions useful for reducing risks should the same emergency conditions arise again. The solutions, aimed at “saving lives,” can be placed in potentially critical contexts and “activated” based on the emergencies of the situation. However, the development of this type of products, which occurs in a preventive manner with respect to the emergency, is not sufficient to address the complexities of the variables of the emergent phenomena that we are facing today. And here, therefore, design will have to be based on a different strategic process, also being anticipatory, to foresee a series of actions both sustainable to exploit remaining resources without depleting them, and social, to create value. There is a need, first of all, for the design of emergency strategies, which include the highest number of variables, interpret individual and collective needs, consider the differences and peculiar characteristics of emergency contexts, and involve all major public and private stakeholders in order to guide and maximize the utility and effectiveness of design interventions. For these reasons, the proposed research project aims to structure a tool useful for envisioning new scenarios and dynamics, methodological-produc- tive processes for a design capable of adequately responding to the safe- guarding of communities and the environment during an emergency state. To do this, it will be necessary to: - Investigate the term “emergency” in all its exceptions, dialoguing with disciplinary fields such as engineering and philosophy for all those intrinsic and extrinsic aspects related to organizational aspects, psychological dynamics, materials, and those of epistemological nature (which contribute to the investigation of control and change processes); - Reconstruct and discuss the historical-cultural scenario of design for emergencies; - Investigate, define, and catalog the contribution of industrial design through the analysis of case studies developed in emergency contexts. These preliminary steps will subsequently allow the structuring of methodological analyses in order to identify, catalog, and relate the strategies, processes, and materials that can be implemented within a design-led emergency design process.However, since emergency is a complex phenomenon linked to an incredible amount of situations and phenomena, the development of an explanatory graphical tool has become necessary. This is useful for deconstructing the emergency into its components, their connections, and impacts, ultimately declining the emergency phenomenon into distinct typological cycles based on identified parameters. This process has proven to be very useful for research, identifying initial support for: - understanding the intervention logics of the design discipline throughout all phases of the emergency lifecycle; - cataloging design responses in order to identify the phase in which the role of industrial design is most promising; - analyzing the previous points by building a starting point for drafting a methodological/conceptual tool that will be one of the research outcomes. All of this will contribute to fueling the cultural debate around the theme of design for emergencies, still not well defined and continuously evolving within the scientific discipline of Industrial Design, defining its limits, possibilities, best practices, and necessary interdisciplinary relationships.
L’emergenza è una circostanza imprevista di varia durata, che genera uno stato di cambiamento il quale richiede un intervento di gestione immediato per cercare di porre rimedio alle conseguenze. Normalmente quando parliamo del termine “emergenza” le prime situazioni che salgono alla mente possono essere quelle legate alla sicurezza dell’uomo come, per esempio, le alluvioni, gli eventi sismici, le valanghe, ecc. Ad oggi però la maggior consapevolezza degli impatti sull’ambiente, i cui effetti si propagano anche altrove innescando processi irreversibili, ha fatto emergere nuovi rischi che possono mettere in pericolo la stabilità già precaria di una società e dei suoi ecosistemi, generando imprevisti nuovi che trovano impreparati i contesti interessati dall’emergenza. Alle condizioni di pericolo riconosciute dalla società, infatti, si aggiungono tutti quei fenomeni emergenti e potenzialmente dannosi derivanti da una consapevolezza maggiore nei confronti dei limiti e delle risorse del pianeta; ciò implica il l suo immediato collasso a causa dei cambiamenti climatici e, allo stesso tempo, una serie di crisi sociali diffuse che alimentano le paure. Sulla base degli imprevisti emergenziali, il design ha sempre messo in pratica un approccio di prevenzione studiando prima il fenomeno potenzialmente dannoso, elaborando poi soluzioni efficienti utili a ridurre i rischi qualora si dovessero ripresentare le stesse condizioni emergenziali. Le soluzioni, finalizzate al “salvavita”, possono essere collocate in contesti potenzialmente critici ed “attivarsi” in base agli imprevisti dell’emergenza. Ma lo sviluppo di questo tipo di prodotti, che avviene in modalità preventive rispetto all’emergenza, non è sufficiente per affrontare le complessità delle variabili dei fenomeni emergenziali che ad oggi ci troviamo ad affrontare. Ed ecco quindi, che il design dovrà basarsi su di un diverso processo strategico, essere anche anticipatore, per prevedere una serie di azioni sia sostenibili per sfruttare le risorse residue senza intaccarle, che sociali, per creare valore. C’è necessità, in primo luogo, della progettazione di strategie per l’emergenza, che includano il numero più elevato di variabili, che interpretino i bisogni individuali e collettivi, che considerino le differenze e le caratteristiche peculiari dei contesti dell’emergenza, che coinvolgano tutti i principali stakeholders pubblici e privati, al fine di orientare e massimizzare l’utilità e l’efficacia degli interventi progettuali. Per questi motivi il progetto di ricerca proposto intende strutturare uno strumento utile a prefigurare nuovi scenari e dinamiche, processi metodologico- produttivi per un design in grado di rispondere adeguatamente alla salvaguardia delle comunità e dell’ambiente durante uno stato emergenziale. Per fare ciò sarà necessario: - Indagare il termine ”emergenza” in tutte le sue eccezioni, dialogando con ambiti disciplinari quali l’ingegneria e la filosofia per tutti quegli aspetti intrinseci ed estrinseci legati agli aspetti organizzativi, alle dinamiche psicologiche, ai materiali e quelli di natura epistemologica (che contribuiscono all’indagine sui processi e dinamiche di controllo e cambiamento); - Ricostruire e discutere lo scenario storico-culturale del design per l’emergenza; - Indagare, definire e catalogare il contributo dell’industrial design, attraver- so l’analisi di casi studio sviluppati in contesti emergenziali. Questi step preliminari consentiranno, successivamente, di strutturare delle analisi metodologiche al fine di identificare, catalogare e mettere in relazione le strategie, i processi e i materiali che possono essere implementati all’interno di un processo progettuale di emergenza guidato dal design. Ma, essendo l’emergenza un fenomeno complesso legato ad una quantità incredibile di situazioni e di fenomeni, si è resa necessaria l’elaborazione di uno strumento grafico esplicativo. Questo è utile per destrutturare l’emergenza nelle sue componenti, nelle relative connessioni ed impatti, declinando, infine, il fenomeno emergenza in distinti cicli tipologici sulla base di parametri individuati. Questo processo si è rivelato molto utile alla ricerca, individuando un primo supporto per: - capire le logiche di intervento della disciplina del design lungo tutte le fasi del ciclo di vita dell’emergenza; - catalogare le risposte progettuali al fine di identificare la fase in cui il ruolo dell’industrial design sia più promettente; - analizzare i precedenti punti costruendo una base di partenza per la redazione di uno strumento metodologico/concettuale che costituirà uno dei risultati della ricerca. Tutto questo permetterà di contribuire ad alimentare il dibattito culturale intorno al tema del design per l’emergenza, ancora oggi non ben definito e in continua evoluzione all’interno della disciplina scientifica dell’Industrial Design, definendo i suoi limiti, le possibilità, le buone pratiche e i necessari rapporti interdisciplinari.
DESIGN FOR EMERGENCIES. Innovative design strategies, processes and proposals for critical contexts
DE ANGELIS, CHIARA
2024
Abstract
Emergency is an unforeseen circumstance of varying duration, which generates a state of change that requires immediate management intervention to try to remedy the consequences. Normally when we talk about the term “emergency,” the first situations that come to mind may be those related to human safety such as floods, seismic events, avalanches, etc. However, today, the increased awareness of environmental impacts, whose effects also spread elsewhere triggering irreversible processes, has brought forth new risks that can endanger the already precarious stability of a society and its ecosystems, generating new unforeseen events that find unprepared the contexts affected by the emergency. To the danger conditions recognized by society, indeed, are added all those emerging and potentially harmful phenomena resulting from a greater awareness of the limits and resources of the planet; this implies its immediate collapse due to climate change and, at the same time, a series of diffuse social crises that feed fears. Based on emergent contingencies, design has always implemented a preventive approach by first studying the potentially harmful phenomenon, then developing efficient solutions useful for reducing risks should the same emergency conditions arise again. The solutions, aimed at “saving lives,” can be placed in potentially critical contexts and “activated” based on the emergencies of the situation. However, the development of this type of products, which occurs in a preventive manner with respect to the emergency, is not sufficient to address the complexities of the variables of the emergent phenomena that we are facing today. And here, therefore, design will have to be based on a different strategic process, also being anticipatory, to foresee a series of actions both sustainable to exploit remaining resources without depleting them, and social, to create value. There is a need, first of all, for the design of emergency strategies, which include the highest number of variables, interpret individual and collective needs, consider the differences and peculiar characteristics of emergency contexts, and involve all major public and private stakeholders in order to guide and maximize the utility and effectiveness of design interventions. For these reasons, the proposed research project aims to structure a tool useful for envisioning new scenarios and dynamics, methodological-produc- tive processes for a design capable of adequately responding to the safe- guarding of communities and the environment during an emergency state. To do this, it will be necessary to: - Investigate the term “emergency” in all its exceptions, dialoguing with disciplinary fields such as engineering and philosophy for all those intrinsic and extrinsic aspects related to organizational aspects, psychological dynamics, materials, and those of epistemological nature (which contribute to the investigation of control and change processes); - Reconstruct and discuss the historical-cultural scenario of design for emergencies; - Investigate, define, and catalog the contribution of industrial design through the analysis of case studies developed in emergency contexts. These preliminary steps will subsequently allow the structuring of methodological analyses in order to identify, catalog, and relate the strategies, processes, and materials that can be implemented within a design-led emergency design process.However, since emergency is a complex phenomenon linked to an incredible amount of situations and phenomena, the development of an explanatory graphical tool has become necessary. This is useful for deconstructing the emergency into its components, their connections, and impacts, ultimately declining the emergency phenomenon into distinct typological cycles based on identified parameters. This process has proven to be very useful for research, identifying initial support for: - understanding the intervention logics of the design discipline throughout all phases of the emergency lifecycle; - cataloging design responses in order to identify the phase in which the role of industrial design is most promising; - analyzing the previous points by building a starting point for drafting a methodological/conceptual tool that will be one of the research outcomes. All of this will contribute to fueling the cultural debate around the theme of design for emergencies, still not well defined and continuously evolving within the scientific discipline of Industrial Design, defining its limits, possibilities, best practices, and necessary interdisciplinary relationships.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/210670
URN:NBN:IT:UNICAM-210670