This research comprises two distinct parts. First, it explores the lived experiences of six Syrian refugee women with physical disabilities in Gaziantep, Türkiye, examining their navigation and strategies of adaptation within the local context. Second, it assesses the Turkish service landscape and relevant policies impacting these women. Recognizing the complexity of their situation, the study aims to capture the interplay between external resources and internal agency that influences their social inclusion. To understand the multifaceted nature of their experiences, a comprehensive framework was adopted, drawing upon Renwick et al., (2003) "Being, Becoming, Belonging" model. This model served as a guiding structure, enabling the analysis of their journey towards inclusion across micro, meso, and macro levels. Further, Shalock's social inclusion sub-domains, focusing on mainstreaming and socialization, were utilized to assess key factors. Recognizing that interview data alone could not fully capture the service provision landscape, a survey of 203 Syrian women, including 29 with disabilities, and 14 NGOs was conducted via phone. This survey provided a broader understanding of perceived accessibility. Through a special pedagogical lens, this research highlights the dynamic relationship between personal experiences and social institutions, revealing how non-inclusive environments impact quality of life and skill acquisition. Findings indicate that displacement trauma, restrictive family dynamics, and gender norms significantly shape disability identities. Despite these challenges, participants employ various strategies—leveraging personal agency, education, and social capital—to enhance autonomy, build resilience, pursue life learning and determination. These strategies, analyzed through Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field, demonstrate how women negotiate and challenge dependency and discriminatory narratives (related to gender and disability-biased social beliefs) through countering-socialization strategies. The quality-of-life domains, informed by Shalock's sub-domains and indicators, serve as the 'fields' where interactions between personal and external influential factors occur. Within these fields, the research identifies areas of tension between habitus and subjective conditions, revealing how these women create their own pathways, even with limited resources Results emphasize that social inclusion is a time-dependent process, influenced by available resources and personal agency. Interviews and focus groups with stakeholders, NGOs, and the women themselves underscore the critical role of material resources, emotional support, and knowledge in overcoming systemic barriers. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how these women transform limited resources into meaningful strategies for social inclusion, culminating in the development of an ICF-aligned framework tailored to qualitative research within a migration context.
Questa ricerca si compone di due parti distinte. In primo luogo, esplora le esperienze vissute da sei donne siriane rifugiate con disabilità fisiche a Gaziantep, Turchia, esaminando le loro modalità di adattamento e le strategie adottate nel contesto locale. In secondo luogo, valuta il panorama dei servizi offerti in Turchia e le politiche pertinenti che incidono su queste donne. Riconoscendo la complessità della loro situazione, lo studio si propone di cogliere l'interazione tra le risorse esterne e l'agenzia interna che influenzano la loro inclusione sociale. Per comprendere la natura poliedrica delle loro esperienze, è stato adottato un quadro concettuale completo, fondato sul modello "Essere, Diventare, Appartenere" di Renwick et al., (2003). Questo modello ha fornito una struttura guida per analizzare il percorso verso l'inclusione a livelli micro, meso e macro. Inoltre, per valutare i fattori chiave, sono stati utilizzati i sotto-domini dell'inclusione sociale di Schalock, con particolare attenzione al mainstreaming e alla socializzazione. Considerando che i soli dati derivanti dalle interviste non potevano catturare appieno il panorama dell'erogazione dei servizi, è stato condotto un sondaggio telefonico coinvolgendo 203 donne siriane (di cui 29 con disabilità) e 14 ONG. Questo ha permesso di ottenere una comprensione più ampia dell'accessibilità percepita. Attraverso una lente pedagogica speciale, questa ricerca mette in luce la relazione dinamica tra esperienze personali e istituzioni sociali, evidenziando come ambienti non inclusivi possano influire sulla qualità della vita e sull'acquisizione di competenze. I risultati indicano che il trauma dovuto allo spostamento, le dinamiche familiari restrittive e le norme di genere plasmano significativamente le identità di disabilità. Nonostante le sfide, le partecipanti impiegano diverse strategie—sfruttando l'agenzia personale, l'istruzione e il capitale sociale—per migliorare la propria autonomia, rafforzare la resilienza, perseguire l'apprendimento continuo e manifestare determinazione. Queste strategie, analizzate attraverso i concetti di habitus e campo di Bourdieu, dimostrano come le donne negozino e sfidino la dipendenza e le narrazioni discriminatorie (legate a pregiudizi di genere e disabilità) mediante pratiche di contro-socializzazione. I domini della qualità della vita, informati dai sotto-domini e dagli indicatori di Schalock, fungono da "campi" in cui avvengono le interazioni tra fattori personali ed esterni. All'interno di questi campi, la ricerca individua aree di tensione tra l'habitus e le condizioni soggettive, rivelando come queste donne creino i propri percorsi, anche con risorse limitate. I risultati sottolineano che l'inclusione sociale è un processo che evolve nel tempo, influenzato dalle risorse disponibili e dall'agenzia personale. Interviste e focus group condotti con stakeholder, ONG e le stesse donne evidenziano il ruolo fondamentale delle risorse materiali, del supporto emotivo e della conoscenza nel superare le barriere sistemiche. In definitiva, questo studio dimostra come, nonostante le risorse limitate, queste donne siano in grado di trasformarle in strategie significative per l'inclusione sociale, portando allo sviluppo di un quadro concettuale allineato all'ICF, specificamente adattato alla ricerca qualitativa nel contesto della migrazione.
Strategies of Inclusion Used by Syrian Refugee Women with Physical Disabilities In Gaziantep Türkiye.
HALWANY, SAMAH
2025
Abstract
This research comprises two distinct parts. First, it explores the lived experiences of six Syrian refugee women with physical disabilities in Gaziantep, Türkiye, examining their navigation and strategies of adaptation within the local context. Second, it assesses the Turkish service landscape and relevant policies impacting these women. Recognizing the complexity of their situation, the study aims to capture the interplay between external resources and internal agency that influences their social inclusion. To understand the multifaceted nature of their experiences, a comprehensive framework was adopted, drawing upon Renwick et al., (2003) "Being, Becoming, Belonging" model. This model served as a guiding structure, enabling the analysis of their journey towards inclusion across micro, meso, and macro levels. Further, Shalock's social inclusion sub-domains, focusing on mainstreaming and socialization, were utilized to assess key factors. Recognizing that interview data alone could not fully capture the service provision landscape, a survey of 203 Syrian women, including 29 with disabilities, and 14 NGOs was conducted via phone. This survey provided a broader understanding of perceived accessibility. Through a special pedagogical lens, this research highlights the dynamic relationship between personal experiences and social institutions, revealing how non-inclusive environments impact quality of life and skill acquisition. Findings indicate that displacement trauma, restrictive family dynamics, and gender norms significantly shape disability identities. Despite these challenges, participants employ various strategies—leveraging personal agency, education, and social capital—to enhance autonomy, build resilience, pursue life learning and determination. These strategies, analyzed through Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and field, demonstrate how women negotiate and challenge dependency and discriminatory narratives (related to gender and disability-biased social beliefs) through countering-socialization strategies. The quality-of-life domains, informed by Shalock's sub-domains and indicators, serve as the 'fields' where interactions between personal and external influential factors occur. Within these fields, the research identifies areas of tension between habitus and subjective conditions, revealing how these women create their own pathways, even with limited resources Results emphasize that social inclusion is a time-dependent process, influenced by available resources and personal agency. Interviews and focus groups with stakeholders, NGOs, and the women themselves underscore the critical role of material resources, emotional support, and knowledge in overcoming systemic barriers. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how these women transform limited resources into meaningful strategies for social inclusion, culminating in the development of an ICF-aligned framework tailored to qualitative research within a migration context.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/214243
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMC-214243