The connection between science and productive policies in Southern Italy during the 19th and 20th centuries played a crucial role in the agricultural modernization process, transforming the productive landscape of Puglia, particularly Capitanata. Small towns like Sant'Agata di Puglia intertwined their fate with an area considered marginal, yet assumed significant economic importance, gained through hybridization experiments that increased wheat production. The progress of agricultural techniques was grounded in the production cycles of olives and wheat, where the skill and ingenuity of farmers enabled the adaptation of ancient practices to new technologies, creating a bridge between tradition and modernity. However, despite tangible advancements, traditional historiography has often portrayed a bleak picture, framing the South within a narrative of backwardness and failures. Such a reductive view has frequently overshadowed the intellectual and operational contributions of key figures in agronomic and technical development. This work aims to shed light on figures like Michele Torres, mayor of Sant'Agata between 1836 and 1841, who reported on the agricultural conditions in Sant'Agata di Puglia in the Giornale degli Atti della Reale Società Economica di Capitanata. Through reflections titled "Cenni sull'agricoltura del comune di Santagata in Capitanata", Torres provided a critique of the general state of agriculture. While acknowledging some progress, such as the increase in vineyard plantations, he also expressed deep concern over the growing dependence on cereal crops, anticipating what would later become a significant problem for the territory. The thesis also analyzes the first Agrarian Conferences of 1868, where figures such as Domenico Antonio Nova defended the importance of the Monti Frumentari, crucial institutions for supporting rural communities, despite criticisms of their inefficient management. Further focus is given to Don Lorenzo Agnelli, author of "Dialoghi per gli agricoltori" (1861), which embodies the pedagogical commitment of the cleric-educator, a direct witness to the social challenges of his time, who aimed to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and local agricultural practices. He saw education and the dissemination of agronomic knowledge as keys to improving the living conditions of the rural population. His work as an agronomist-experimenter was distinguished by his attempt to democratize scientific knowledge. The thesis also delves into the development of the local milling industry, with particular attention to the Fredella Mill and Pasta Factory, active from the early 20th century until the 1950s. This establishment represented a model of local entrepreneurship that successfully leveraged modern technologies in the production of flour and pasta, marking a pivotal phase in Capitanata's industrialization. Finally, the work focuses on the MUDISa project, the Museo Diffuso of Sant'Agata di Puglia: developed in close collaboration with the local administration, a feasibility plan was created to restore the historical, scientific, and productive memory of the territory for the community and future visitors. Conceived as an open-air museum and supported by an interactive digital platform (mudisa.it), the museum aims to preserve and promote the local agricultural and industrial heritage, which lives on in the material traces scattered across this landscape: mills, olive presses, and agricultural machinery — silent witnesses to an evolution still awaiting full recognition. The museum seeks to rigorously document the historical-scientific narratives and technological advances that have shaped the evolution of agricultural methods and tools.
La connessione tra scienza e politiche produttive nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia tra XIX e XX secolo ha svolto un ruolo cruciale nel processo di modernizzazione agricola, trasformando il paesaggio produttivo pugliese, in particolare quello della Capitanata. Piccoli comuni come Sant'Agata di Puglia intrecciarono il destino di un’area ritenuta marginale, pur ricoprendo ruoli di discreta centralità economica, guadagnata grazie agli esperimenti di ibridazione che ne aumentarono la produzione di frumento. Eppure, malgrado gli avanzamenti tangibili, la storiografia tradizionale ha spesso delineato un quadro fosco, fissando l’immagine del Sud in una narrazione di arretratezza e fallimenti. Tale visione riduttiva ha frequentemente eclissato i contributi intellettuali e operativi di figure di spicco nello sviluppo agronomico e tecnico. Questo lavoro intende riportare alla luce figure come Michele Torres, sindaco di Sant'Agata tra il 1836 e il 1841, che nel Giornale degli Atti della Reale Società Economica di Capitanata, si occupò di riportare ai soci, le condizioni il lavoro agricolo a Sant’Agata di Puglia. Attraverso riflessioni che presero il titolo di “Cenni sull'agricoltura del comune di Santagata in Capitanata” si lanciò in una critica sullo stato generale dell'agricoltura. Pur riconoscendo alcuni progressi, come l'incremento delle piantagioni di vite, egli esprime anche una profonda preoccupazione per la crescente dipendenza dalle coltivazioni cerealicole, anticipando quello che sarebbe diventato successivamente un problema significativo per il territorio. Si analizzano anche le prime Conferenze Agrarie del 1868, dove figure come Domenico Antonio Nova difesero l'importanza dei Monti Frumentari, istituzioni cruciali per il sostegno delle comunità rurali, nonostante le critiche alla loro gestione inefficiente. Un focus ulteriore è dedicato a Don Lorenzo Agnelli, autore del "Dialoghi per gli agricoltori" (1861), che rappresenta la sintesi dell’ impegno pedagogico del chierico-educatore, testimone diretto delle sfide sociali del suo tempo, intento a colmare il divario tra la conoscenza accademica e le pratiche agricole locali. Egli vide nell'istruzione e nella diffusione del sapere agronomico una chiave per migliorare le condizioni di vita della popolazione rurale. La sua attività di agronomo-sperimentatore si distinse proprio per il tentativo di democratizzare il sapere scientifico. La tesi approfondisce inoltre lo sviluppo dell'industria molitoria locale, con particolare attenzione al Mulino e Pastificio Fredella, attivo dai primi del Novecento fino agli anni '50. Tale stabilimento rappresentò un modello di imprenditorialità locale che seppe sfruttare le tecnologie moderne della produzione di farina e pasta, segnando una tappa cruciale nell'industrializzazione della Capitanata. Infine, il presente lavoro si concentra sul progetto del MUDISa, il Museo Diffuso di Sant'Agata di Puglia: realizzato in stretta collaborazione con l’Amministrazione comunale, è stato sviluppato un piano di fattibilità volto a restituire alla comunità e ai futuri visitatori la memoria storica, scientifica e produttiva del territorio. Concepito come un percorso museale a cielo aperto e supportato da una piattaforma digitale interattiva (mudisa.it), il museo si propone di conservare e valorizzare il patrimonio agricolo e industriale locale, che vive nelle tracce materiali disseminate in questo paesaggio: mulini, frantoi, macchinari agricoli — silenti testimoni di un’evoluzione tuttora in attesa di un pieno riconoscimento. Si vuol documentare, con rigore, le narrazioni storico-scientifiche e i progressi tecnologici che hanno scandito l’evoluzione dei metodi e degli strumenti agricoli.
Storia agronomica del territorio per un museo della tecnologia agraria a Sant’Agata di Puglia
PANSINI, VIRGINIA
2025
Abstract
The connection between science and productive policies in Southern Italy during the 19th and 20th centuries played a crucial role in the agricultural modernization process, transforming the productive landscape of Puglia, particularly Capitanata. Small towns like Sant'Agata di Puglia intertwined their fate with an area considered marginal, yet assumed significant economic importance, gained through hybridization experiments that increased wheat production. The progress of agricultural techniques was grounded in the production cycles of olives and wheat, where the skill and ingenuity of farmers enabled the adaptation of ancient practices to new technologies, creating a bridge between tradition and modernity. However, despite tangible advancements, traditional historiography has often portrayed a bleak picture, framing the South within a narrative of backwardness and failures. Such a reductive view has frequently overshadowed the intellectual and operational contributions of key figures in agronomic and technical development. This work aims to shed light on figures like Michele Torres, mayor of Sant'Agata between 1836 and 1841, who reported on the agricultural conditions in Sant'Agata di Puglia in the Giornale degli Atti della Reale Società Economica di Capitanata. Through reflections titled "Cenni sull'agricoltura del comune di Santagata in Capitanata", Torres provided a critique of the general state of agriculture. While acknowledging some progress, such as the increase in vineyard plantations, he also expressed deep concern over the growing dependence on cereal crops, anticipating what would later become a significant problem for the territory. The thesis also analyzes the first Agrarian Conferences of 1868, where figures such as Domenico Antonio Nova defended the importance of the Monti Frumentari, crucial institutions for supporting rural communities, despite criticisms of their inefficient management. Further focus is given to Don Lorenzo Agnelli, author of "Dialoghi per gli agricoltori" (1861), which embodies the pedagogical commitment of the cleric-educator, a direct witness to the social challenges of his time, who aimed to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and local agricultural practices. He saw education and the dissemination of agronomic knowledge as keys to improving the living conditions of the rural population. His work as an agronomist-experimenter was distinguished by his attempt to democratize scientific knowledge. The thesis also delves into the development of the local milling industry, with particular attention to the Fredella Mill and Pasta Factory, active from the early 20th century until the 1950s. This establishment represented a model of local entrepreneurship that successfully leveraged modern technologies in the production of flour and pasta, marking a pivotal phase in Capitanata's industrialization. Finally, the work focuses on the MUDISa project, the Museo Diffuso of Sant'Agata di Puglia: developed in close collaboration with the local administration, a feasibility plan was created to restore the historical, scientific, and productive memory of the territory for the community and future visitors. Conceived as an open-air museum and supported by an interactive digital platform (mudisa.it), the museum aims to preserve and promote the local agricultural and industrial heritage, which lives on in the material traces scattered across this landscape: mills, olive presses, and agricultural machinery — silent witnesses to an evolution still awaiting full recognition. The museum seeks to rigorously document the historical-scientific narratives and technological advances that have shaped the evolution of agricultural methods and tools.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
TESI_PANSINI (4) (1).pdf
accesso solo da BNCF e BNCR
Dimensione
72.03 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
72.03 MB | Adobe PDF | |
TESI_PANSINI (4) (1)_1.pdf
accesso solo da BNCF e BNCR
Dimensione
72.03 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
72.03 MB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/215062
URN:NBN:IT:UNIBA-215062