The research aims to elaborate a new way of representing the forma urbis that relates spatio-temporal stratifications. The object is urban stratification, that particular capacity of the city to grow vertically by superimposing successive layers that are ‘autonomous but not independent’ (Gerosa). The objective is Renovatio Forma Vrbis, that is, the elaboration of a new method of scientific representation of the form of the city, no longer understood only in its last visible layer but as the superimposition of several layers in space and time, capable of directing the transformation of a city, in the conviction that architecture is built with archaeology. A point of view, in keeping with the constituent idea of PASAP_med, whereby a distinction is not made between a ‘city above’ and a ‘city below’, between architecture or archaeology, but a city made up of layers in which each is as important as the next and the value lies in the mutual relationships. The first part of the thesis frames the general theme, the representation of the city, through the nodal passages that marked it, starting with symbolic icons, mirabilia and miniatures, passing through urban portraits that became more and more realistic over time, views, and arriving at the representations obtained from scientific surveys of the city's shape, the plans. A number of maps of Rome are examined in depth in order to draw useful suggestions from cartographic experiences that confronted the most stratified palimpsest par excellence: The Forma Urbis Marmorea (3rd century), Bufalini's map (1551), Nolli's map (1748), Lanciani's map (1901) and Muratori's map (1963). The second part is dedicated to Catania, which, with respect to urban stratification, qualifies as one of the most interesting cities in that it was able to grow not only slowly but also very rapidly through earthquakes and lava flows. This city constitutes the privileged key through which to access the reading of urban stratification, a phenomenon common to every other reality but rarely so evident. To this reason, in itself sufficient to elect it as an object of investigation, is added the lack of studies that address the complex relationship between the various factors of urban construction through the tools pertaining to the discipline of architecture. The research conducted through the drawings of architect Sebastiano Ittar, a personality that has not been adequately studied and whose achievements go well beyond the - albeit exceptional - Pianta Topografica di Catania of 1832, deserves particular attention. The third part of this research deals with exposing the method of representation of the temporal and spatial stratifications of the city, getting to the heart of the original drawings elaborated for Catania. Two complementary modes of representation are developed: the city is read as a space constructed from several times, in the drawings of the ‘temporal layers’, and as a time constructed from several spaces, in those of the ‘spatial layers’. In addition to this, a further leap in the representation of the city is proposed, almost as a sort of ‘appendix’ necessary to the thesis, probing the possibility of elaborating a method of representation that goes beyond the acquired concept of stratification. The vertical component is added to the maps, moving from a superimposition of two-dimensional layers to an interlocking of three-dimensional fragments. I believe it would be very useful to propose research that puts the city, understood as a complex and stratified physical artefact, back at the centre, especially in the Italian context in which the relevance of the urban studies produced has led our country to set the standard in the world.
La ricerca mira a elaborare un modo nuovo di rappresentare la forma urbis che metta in relazione le stratificazioni spazio-temporali. L’oggetto è la stratificazione urbana, quella particolare capacità della città di crescere in verticale per sovrapposizione di strati successivi fra loro «autonomi ma non indipendenti» (Gerosa). L’obiettivo è la Renovatio Forma Vrbis, ossia l’elaborazione di un nuovo metodo di rappresentazione scientifico della forma della città non più intesa soltanto nel suo ultimo strato visibile ma come sovrapposizione di più strati nello spazio e nel tempo, capace di indirizzare la trasformazione di una città, nella convinzione che l’architettura si costruisca con l’archeologia. Un punto di vista, addentro all’idea costitutiva del PASAP_med, per cui non si distingue tra una “città di sopra” e una “città di sotto”, tra architettura o archeologia, ma una città costituita da strati in cui ognuno è importante quanto il seguente e il valore risiede nelle mutue relazioni. La prima parte della tesi inquadra il tema generale, la rappresentazione della città, attraverso i passaggi nodali che l’hanno segnata partendo dalle icone simboliche, mirabilia e miniature, passando per i ritratti urbani col tempo sempre più realistici, le vedute, giungendo alle rappresentazioni ottenute da rilievi scientifici della forma della città, le piante. Vengono approfondite alcune mappe di Roma al fine di trarne suggerimenti utili da esperienze cartografiche che si sono confrontate col palinsesto più stratificato per antonomasia: La Forma Urbis Marmorea (III Secolo), la pianta del Bufalini (1551), la pianta del Nolli (1748), la pianta del Lanciani (1901) e la pianta di Muratori (1963). La seconda parte è dedicata a Catania che, rispetto alla stratificazione urbana, si qualifica come una delle città più interessanti in quanto capace di crescere non soltanto in tempi lenti ma anche rapidissimi attraverso terremoti e colate laviche. Questa città costituisce la chiave privilegiata tramite la quale accedere alla lettura della stratificazione urbana, fenomeno comune ad ogni altra realtà ma raramente tanto evidente. A questa ragione, di per sé sufficiente a eleggerla quale oggetto di indagine, si assomma la carenza di studi che affrontano la complessa relazione tra i diversi fattori della costruzione urbana attraverso gli strumenti che pertengono alla disciplina architettonica. Un particolare approfondimento merita la ricerca condotta attraverso il disegno dall’architetto Sebastiano Ittar, una personalità non adeguatamente studiata e il cui portato va ben aldilà della pur eccezionale Pianta Topografica di Catania del 1832. La terza parte di questa ricerca si occupa di esporre il metodo di rappresentazione delle stratificazioni temporali e spaziali della città, entrando nel vivo dei disegni originali elaborati per Catania. Vengono messe a punto due modalità di rappresentazione tra loro complementari: la città è letta come uno spazio costruito da più tempi, nei disegni degli “strati temporali”, e come un tempo costruito da più spazi, in quelli degli “strati spaziali”. In aggiunta a ciò si propone un ulteriore salto nella rappresentazione della città, quasi una sorta di “appendice” necessaria alla tesi, sondando la possibilità di elaborare un metodo di rappresentazione che operi un superamento del concetto acquisito di stratificazione. Alle mappe viene aggiunta la componente verticale, passando da una sovrapposizione di strati bidimensionali a un incastro di frammenti tridimensionali. Ritengo di grande utilità proporre una ricerca che rimetta al centro la città, intesa come manufatto fisico complesso e stratificato, specialmente in ambito italiano, contesto nel quale la rilevanza degli studi urbani prodotti ha portato il nostro Paese a fare scuola nel mondo.
RENOVATIO FORMA VRBIS. La rappresentazione della città stratificata: Catania sotto-sopra
PENNISI, MATTEO
2025
Abstract
The research aims to elaborate a new way of representing the forma urbis that relates spatio-temporal stratifications. The object is urban stratification, that particular capacity of the city to grow vertically by superimposing successive layers that are ‘autonomous but not independent’ (Gerosa). The objective is Renovatio Forma Vrbis, that is, the elaboration of a new method of scientific representation of the form of the city, no longer understood only in its last visible layer but as the superimposition of several layers in space and time, capable of directing the transformation of a city, in the conviction that architecture is built with archaeology. A point of view, in keeping with the constituent idea of PASAP_med, whereby a distinction is not made between a ‘city above’ and a ‘city below’, between architecture or archaeology, but a city made up of layers in which each is as important as the next and the value lies in the mutual relationships. The first part of the thesis frames the general theme, the representation of the city, through the nodal passages that marked it, starting with symbolic icons, mirabilia and miniatures, passing through urban portraits that became more and more realistic over time, views, and arriving at the representations obtained from scientific surveys of the city's shape, the plans. A number of maps of Rome are examined in depth in order to draw useful suggestions from cartographic experiences that confronted the most stratified palimpsest par excellence: The Forma Urbis Marmorea (3rd century), Bufalini's map (1551), Nolli's map (1748), Lanciani's map (1901) and Muratori's map (1963). The second part is dedicated to Catania, which, with respect to urban stratification, qualifies as one of the most interesting cities in that it was able to grow not only slowly but also very rapidly through earthquakes and lava flows. This city constitutes the privileged key through which to access the reading of urban stratification, a phenomenon common to every other reality but rarely so evident. To this reason, in itself sufficient to elect it as an object of investigation, is added the lack of studies that address the complex relationship between the various factors of urban construction through the tools pertaining to the discipline of architecture. The research conducted through the drawings of architect Sebastiano Ittar, a personality that has not been adequately studied and whose achievements go well beyond the - albeit exceptional - Pianta Topografica di Catania of 1832, deserves particular attention. The third part of this research deals with exposing the method of representation of the temporal and spatial stratifications of the city, getting to the heart of the original drawings elaborated for Catania. Two complementary modes of representation are developed: the city is read as a space constructed from several times, in the drawings of the ‘temporal layers’, and as a time constructed from several spaces, in those of the ‘spatial layers’. In addition to this, a further leap in the representation of the city is proposed, almost as a sort of ‘appendix’ necessary to the thesis, probing the possibility of elaborating a method of representation that goes beyond the acquired concept of stratification. The vertical component is added to the maps, moving from a superimposition of two-dimensional layers to an interlocking of three-dimensional fragments. I believe it would be very useful to propose research that puts the city, understood as a complex and stratified physical artefact, back at the centre, especially in the Italian context in which the relevance of the urban studies produced has led our country to set the standard in the world.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/215065
URN:NBN:IT:UNIBA-215065