he growing attention in scientific literature to the environmental, social, and economic impacts of infrastructure has highlighted the need to rethink traditional models of planning and implementing large-scale projects. While infrastructures are engines of development, they are also among the main contributors to land consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and ecological fragmentation. At the same time, climate change poses new challenges in terms of resilience and adaptation, pushing toward more integrated and sustainable design approaches. In this context, climate-proof design and the paradigm of transformative resilience emerge as essential tools to ensure infrastructures can effectively respond to environmental and social shocks, while promoting an ecological and circular transition. This thesis fits within this theoretical and regulatory framework, aiming to investigate the role of construction companies in promoting the sustainability of large infrastructure projects, with a particular focus on the construction phase, which is often overlooked in evaluation processes. Through the case study of the Terzo Valico dei Giovi, a strategic railway infrastructure for the North Sea – Rhine – Mediterranean European corridor, the research proposes an innovative methodological approach to integrate sustainability into construction sites. The study is based on a period of direct observation in the field, during which a Use Case Methodology (UCM) was applied to map interactions between actors, processes, and systems. The goal was to identify replicable sustainable practices, with particular attention to the management of excavated materials and the definition of safety protocols, in a perspective of circular economy and environmental impact reduction. Among the main findings, the General Contractor demonstrated the ability to reuse approximately 12 million cubic meters of excavated material for environmental remediation interventions, significantly reducing territorial impact. The asbestos management measures, implemented through internationally recognized protocols, represent a replicable model for other complex construction sites. Furthermore, territorial analysis revealed that over 70% of the construction site areas are allocated to deposits, highlighting the importance of careful planning of the site-to-project ratio. The thesis proposes a system of quantitative indicators to assess the effectiveness of adaptation and resilience measures, integrating the operational experience of companies with European and national regulatory criteria. It also emphasizes the need to overcome the temporal gap between design and construction, which often limits the adoption of climate-proof solutions, and to encourage the implementation of grey measures through incentive policies and certification tools. In conclusion, the thesis argues that the General Contractor should play a central role in the transition toward sustainable infrastructure—not only as an executor but also as a promoter of innovation and knowledge. It calls for a rethinking of the regulatory framework so that companies can actively contribute to defining environmental standards and building resilient infrastructures capable of addressing the challenges of climate change and sustainable development.
La crescente attenzione della letteratura scientifica verso gli impatti ambientali, sociali ed economici delle infrastrutture ha evidenziato la necessità di ripensare i modelli tradizionali di progettazione e realizzazione delle grandi opere. Le infrastrutture, pur essendo motori di sviluppo, sono anche tra i principali responsabili del consumo di suolo, delle emissioni climalteranti e della frammentazione ecologica. In parallelo, il cambiamento climatico impone nuove sfide in termini di resilienza e adattamento, spingendo verso approcci progettuali più integrati e sostenibili. In questo contesto, la progettazione climate proof e il paradigma della trasformative resilience emergono come strumenti fondamentali per garantire infrastrutture capaci di rispondere efficacemente agli shock ambientali e sociali, promuovendo al contempo una transizione ecologica e circolare. La tesi si inserisce in questo quadro teorico e normativo, con l’obiettivo di indagare il ruolo delle aziende di costruzione nella promozione della sostenibilità delle grandi opere infrastrutturali, focalizzandosi in particolare sulla fase realizzativa, spesso trascurata nei processi di valutazione. Attraverso l’analisi del caso studio del Terzo Valico dei Giovi, infrastruttura ferroviaria strategica per il corridoio europeo North Sea – Rhine – Mediterranean, il lavoro propone un approccio metodologico innovativo per integrare la sostenibilità nel cantiere. La ricerca si fonda su un periodo di osservazione diretta nei cantieri, per i quali è stata applicata una Use Case Methodology (UCM) per mappare le interazioni tra attori, processi e sistemi. L’obiettivo è stato quello di identificare attività sostenibili replicabili, con particolare riferimento alla gestione del materiale da scavo e alla definizione di protocolli di sicurezza, in un’ottica di economia circolare e riduzione dell’impatto ambientale. Tra i risultati principali, emerge la capacità del General Contractor di riutilizzare del materiale da scavo per interventi di riqualificazione ambientale, riducendo significativamente l’impatto sul territorio. Le misure adottate per la gestione dell’amianto, attraverso protocolli riconosciuti a livello internazionale, rappresentano un modello replicabile per altri cantieri complessi. Inoltre, l’analisi territoriale ha evidenziato come oltre il 70% delle superfici cantierizzate sia destinato a depositi, sottolineando l’importanza di una pianificazione attenta del rapporto opera-cantiere. La tesi propone un sistema di indicatori quantitativi per valutare l’efficacia delle misure di adattamento e resilienza, integrando l’esperienza operativa delle imprese con i criteri normativi europei e nazionali. Viene inoltre evidenziata la necessità di superare lo squilibrio temporale tra progettazione e costruzione, che spesso limita l’adozione di soluzioni climate proof, e di incentivare l’adozione di misure grey attraverso politiche di premialità e strumenti di certificazione. In conclusione, si sottolinea come il General Contractor debba assumere un ruolo centrale nella transizione verso infrastrutture sostenibili, non solo come esecutore, ma come promotore di innovazione e conoscenza. La tesi auspica un ripensamento del quadro normativo, affinché le imprese possano contribuire attivamente alla definizione di standard ambientali e alla costruzione di opere resilienti, in grado di rispondere alle sfide del cambiamento climatico e dello sviluppo sostenibile.
Il ruolo delle aziende di costruzione nella valutazione della sostenibilità delle grandi opere infrastrutturali: una metodologia di casi d’uso applicata al progetto del Terzo Valico dei Giovi
SORAGGI, DANIELE
2025
Abstract
he growing attention in scientific literature to the environmental, social, and economic impacts of infrastructure has highlighted the need to rethink traditional models of planning and implementing large-scale projects. While infrastructures are engines of development, they are also among the main contributors to land consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and ecological fragmentation. At the same time, climate change poses new challenges in terms of resilience and adaptation, pushing toward more integrated and sustainable design approaches. In this context, climate-proof design and the paradigm of transformative resilience emerge as essential tools to ensure infrastructures can effectively respond to environmental and social shocks, while promoting an ecological and circular transition. This thesis fits within this theoretical and regulatory framework, aiming to investigate the role of construction companies in promoting the sustainability of large infrastructure projects, with a particular focus on the construction phase, which is often overlooked in evaluation processes. Through the case study of the Terzo Valico dei Giovi, a strategic railway infrastructure for the North Sea – Rhine – Mediterranean European corridor, the research proposes an innovative methodological approach to integrate sustainability into construction sites. The study is based on a period of direct observation in the field, during which a Use Case Methodology (UCM) was applied to map interactions between actors, processes, and systems. The goal was to identify replicable sustainable practices, with particular attention to the management of excavated materials and the definition of safety protocols, in a perspective of circular economy and environmental impact reduction. Among the main findings, the General Contractor demonstrated the ability to reuse approximately 12 million cubic meters of excavated material for environmental remediation interventions, significantly reducing territorial impact. The asbestos management measures, implemented through internationally recognized protocols, represent a replicable model for other complex construction sites. Furthermore, territorial analysis revealed that over 70% of the construction site areas are allocated to deposits, highlighting the importance of careful planning of the site-to-project ratio. The thesis proposes a system of quantitative indicators to assess the effectiveness of adaptation and resilience measures, integrating the operational experience of companies with European and national regulatory criteria. It also emphasizes the need to overcome the temporal gap between design and construction, which often limits the adoption of climate-proof solutions, and to encourage the implementation of grey measures through incentive policies and certification tools. In conclusion, the thesis argues that the General Contractor should play a central role in the transition toward sustainable infrastructure—not only as an executor but also as a promoter of innovation and knowledge. It calls for a rethinking of the regulatory framework so that companies can actively contribute to defining environmental standards and building resilient infrastructures capable of addressing the challenges of climate change and sustainable development.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/218824
URN:NBN:IT:UNIGE-218824