This doctoral thesis addresses a research question concerning the relationship between urban and rural areas within architectural transformations, focusing specifically on selected areas of the Mediterranean basin: Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece. The investigation of forms and configurations of the “non-urban” settlement models aims to assess their potential integration into urban expansion processes, in contrast to areas of the city already formally consolidated. In a time marked, on one hand, by the overcrowding of urban centres and, on the other, by growing attention to rural territories, this research is placed in the interstitial space between the two, observing how urban expansion has often led to the absorption of city margins and rural centers—frequently producing an incoherent architectural lexicon—or how rural settlements themselves are losing their distinctive character. The act of constructing the city and thus developing a compositional response to the inadequacy of certain settlement conditions, becomes crucial for defining possible modes of integration. More specifically, the research seeks to explore such modes both operationally and formally, across two spatial scales: the territorial and the settlement scale. This is pursued through an approach that emphasizes the continuous interaction between typological and morphological units, while also considering the essential relationship with the context. Only by being deeply engaged in the architectural matter, analysing projects across different scales, has it been possible to identify models that shape the character of rural architecture, highlighting its qualities and values. These are then interpreted to define compositional invariants of rurality. The tools of drawing and comparative analysis, applied to the evolution of settlement models, support the identification of historical references and selected case studies. The analogical and comparative methodology proves itself to be fundamental in formulating a knowledge pathway grounded in the collection of examples derived from the category of rurality within the processes of urban expansion— thereby revealing rules and principles. Indeed, it is the act of knowledge itself that becomes a vehicle for transformation. The study ultimately underlines the need for a potential interpretative framework within this context of fragmentation, by means of a formal analysis aimed at defining a plausible qualitative model for design at the intersection of urban and rural spaces. The starting point lies in the qualities and characteristics of rural architecture, seen as a typological model intrinsically linked to the human settlement of land and space. In this way, the research proposes potential strategies for transformation and intervention, contributing to the international debate on new theoretical and practical approaches to the construction of architectural form, through the identification of specific formal operations.
Il tema affrontato in questo lavoro di tesi dottorale si sviluppa a partire da una domanda di ricerca incentrata sulle modalità di relazione tra urbano e rurale nelle trasformazioni architettoniche, circoscrivendo l’ambito di ricerca ad alcune aree del bacino del mediterraneo, in particolare Italia, Spagna, Portogallo e Grecia. Indagare i modi e la forma di alcuni modelli di insediamento del “non urbano” ha come finalità ultima la comprensione della possibilità di un’integrazione di essi nell’espansione delle città, rispetto alle porzioni già formalmente compiute. In un’epoca segnata da un lato, dal sovraffollamento della città e, dall’altro, dall'intensificazione dell’attenzione sulle aree rurali, ci si colloca nel mezzo, osservando come l’espansione urbana abbia determinato sovente l’incorporazione di margini delle città e di centri rurali, generando un lessico architettonico incoerente, oppure come gli stessi insediamenti rurali stiano perdendo il proprio carattere. La costruzione della città e, quindi, di una risposta compositiva rispetto all’inadeguatezza di alcune condizioni insediative, risulta necessaria per definire le modalità di una possibile integrazione. Più specificamente, la ricerca mira a indagare tali modalità in termini operativi e formali secondo due ordini di scale, quella territoriale e quella dell’insediamento, attraverso un approccio che prevede la costante interazione tra unità tipologica e morfologica, oltre la considerazione del fondamentale rapporto con il contesto. Soltanto entrando nella materia dell’architettura, analizzando quindi il progetto alle differenti scale, è stato possibile delineare quali siano i modelli che regolano i caratteri dell’architettura rurale nelle sue qualità e valori, per la definizione di invarianti della ruralità che vengono analizzate da un punto di vista compositivo. Gli strumenti del ridisegno e della comparazione nella progressione dei modelli insediativi aiutano a delineare le esperienze di riferimento storiche e infine i casi studio. L’approccio metodologico di tipo analogico e comparativo è fondamentale per formulare un percorso di conoscenza caratterizzato dalla raccolta di esempi a partire dalla categoria della ruralità nelle trasformazioni legate alle espansioni urbane, individuando regole e principi. È proprio lo strumento della conoscenza, infatti, che diviene esso stesso vettore delle possibilità di trasformazione. Lo studio, dunque, evidenzia la necessità di una possibile chiave interpretativa in questa situazione di disgregazione, attraverso un’analisi formale per la definizione di un verosimile modello qualitativo di progettazione nella relazione tra spazi urbani e rurali, considerando come punto di partenza le qualità e le caratteristiche dell’architettura rurale come modello tipologico legato alla dimensione dell’insediamento umano nell’abitare il territorio e lo spazio. In tal modo, è possibile suggerire potenziali approcci di modificazione e intervento, a nutrimento di un dibattito internazionale che delinei nuove dimensioni teoriche e pratiche sul processo di costruzione della forma architettonica attraverso l’individuazione di alcune operazioni formali.
RIcomposizioni tra urbano e rurale. Modelli di trasformazione nel bacino Mediterraneo
OGLIANI, ELENA
2025
Abstract
This doctoral thesis addresses a research question concerning the relationship between urban and rural areas within architectural transformations, focusing specifically on selected areas of the Mediterranean basin: Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece. The investigation of forms and configurations of the “non-urban” settlement models aims to assess their potential integration into urban expansion processes, in contrast to areas of the city already formally consolidated. In a time marked, on one hand, by the overcrowding of urban centres and, on the other, by growing attention to rural territories, this research is placed in the interstitial space between the two, observing how urban expansion has often led to the absorption of city margins and rural centers—frequently producing an incoherent architectural lexicon—or how rural settlements themselves are losing their distinctive character. The act of constructing the city and thus developing a compositional response to the inadequacy of certain settlement conditions, becomes crucial for defining possible modes of integration. More specifically, the research seeks to explore such modes both operationally and formally, across two spatial scales: the territorial and the settlement scale. This is pursued through an approach that emphasizes the continuous interaction between typological and morphological units, while also considering the essential relationship with the context. Only by being deeply engaged in the architectural matter, analysing projects across different scales, has it been possible to identify models that shape the character of rural architecture, highlighting its qualities and values. These are then interpreted to define compositional invariants of rurality. The tools of drawing and comparative analysis, applied to the evolution of settlement models, support the identification of historical references and selected case studies. The analogical and comparative methodology proves itself to be fundamental in formulating a knowledge pathway grounded in the collection of examples derived from the category of rurality within the processes of urban expansion— thereby revealing rules and principles. Indeed, it is the act of knowledge itself that becomes a vehicle for transformation. The study ultimately underlines the need for a potential interpretative framework within this context of fragmentation, by means of a formal analysis aimed at defining a plausible qualitative model for design at the intersection of urban and rural spaces. The starting point lies in the qualities and characteristics of rural architecture, seen as a typological model intrinsically linked to the human settlement of land and space. In this way, the research proposes potential strategies for transformation and intervention, contributing to the international debate on new theoretical and practical approaches to the construction of architectural form, through the identification of specific formal operations.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/219077
URN:NBN:IT:UNIROMA1-219077