Enzyme functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical and industrial applications. Nanoparticelle magnetiche funzionalizzate con enzimi per applicazioni biomediche ed industriali.

In the first part of this work two nanoparticle-enzyme (NP-enzyme) systems were designed: one for medical and one for industrial applications. The first is the NP-DAAO system that, developed for cancer therapy purpose, combines the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3 NPs) with those of the H2O2 generating enzyme D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) in order to target the system near to the cancer and once there, to induce a local toxicity able to kill the surrounding tumor cells. The second NP-enzyme system is the NP-LASPO and finds application in the industrial field. This NP-system, composed by magnetic Fe3O4 NPs conjugated to L-aspartate oxidase (LASPO), allows the resolution of a racemic mixture of D, L-aspartate offering many advantages such as the possibility to recover and reuse the system once the reaction in the bioreactor is over but also to obtain pure end-products without the enzyme contamination. In the second part of this work is presented a preliminary study of the toxicity and influence of Cobalt, Iron, Nickel zerovalent NPs on the differentiation process of Adipose-derived Stem Cells (ASCs). A population of hASCs was isolated from human adipose tissue and characterized by flow cytometry before to proceed with the cytotoxicity test of CoNPs, FeNPs and NiNPs. Subsequently it was evaluated the possible hASCs adipogenic differentiation induced by CoNPs.