Over the last decades, seaports have increasingly strengthened their role in the global logistics chain, configuring themselves not only as infrastructural hubs for the loading and unloading of goods, but above all as nodes of logistical importance capable of contributing to the value chain. The complexity of technical port operations, including the services supporting them, both technical and administrative-fiscal in nature, has grown significantly, requiring stakeholders to increase their competitiveness from every point of view. In this sense, the efficiency of ports becomes crucial to maintain productivity and operational continuity beyond a certain threshold in any condition; in addition to this, ports, understood as critical infrastructures, are increasingly exposed to security issues (intended as both safety and security) for various reasons related to the international situation, globalization and climate change. The paper, starting from an examination of the role of Port Authorities, in particular with regard to the strategy for mitigating security risks in the areas under their jurisdiction, intends to underline the importance of considering the disruptions that events relevant to port security can introduce in ports, analyzing the "cascade effect" that a single event could introduce in the logistics chain. In this work, therefore, a theoretical analysis is proposed of the benefits induced by sharing risk assessment plans with a view to greater resilience of maritime ports against adverse events, and consequently new best practices are identified in port security assessment methods. To achieve this goal, the work aims to develop a new method in risk management in port areas, focused on cumulative risk in risk dependency chains, in order to define a strategic tool for safer and more fluid port logistics. The model aims to overcome the weaknesses of the risk assessment method of port facilities currently used, in which the correlations between the different port stakeholders in terms of exposure to risk are not sufficiently taken into account. The objective of the document consists in identifying a methodology that, through theoretical experimentation, can represent the definition of a model capable of being replicated and scaled in different port contexts, in order to guarantee increasingly widespread scalability. The methodology proposed in this work represents a first step towards a gradual review of the role of the Port Authority in the management of security in the port area, acting as a regulatory body for the identified risk dependencies, in order to be able to exercise its functions as promoter and guarantor of the Port Security Plan, established by the Law.
I porti marittimi, nel corso degli ultimi decenni, hanno rafforzato sempre di più il loro ruolo nella catena logistica globale, configurandosi non solo come hub infrastrutturali deputati alle operazioni di imbarco e sbarco delle merci, ma soprattutto come nodi di rilevanza logistica capaci di contribuire alla catena del valore. La complessità delle operazioni tecnico portuali, ivi inclusi i servizi a supporto delle stesse, di natura sia tecnico che amministrativo-fiscale, è cresciuta notevolmente, richiedendo agli stakeholders la necessità di aumentare la loro competitività sotto ogni punto di vista. In questo senso, l'efficienza dei porti diventa cruciale per mantenere la produttività e la continuità operativa oltre una certa soglia in qualsiasi condizione; a ciò si aggiunge il fatto che i porti, intesi come infrastrutture critiche, sono sempre più esposti a problematiche di sicurezza (intesa sia come safety sia come security) per varie ragioni connesse alla situazione internazionale, alla globalizzazione e al cambiamento climatico. Il documento, a partire da una disamina del ruolo delle Port Authorities, in particolare per quanto concerne la strategia di mitigazione dei rischi di security nelle aree di propria competenza, intende sottolineare l'importanza di considerare le disruptions che gli eventi rilevanti ai fini della security portuale possono introdurre nei porti, analizzando l' "effetto cascata" che un singolo evento potrebbe introdurre nella catena logistica. Nel presente lavoro, quindi, viene proposta un'analisi teorica dei benefici indotti dalla condivisione dei piani di valutazione del rischio in ottica di una maggiore resilienza dei porti marittimi nei confronti di eventi avversi, e di conseguenza si identificano nuove best practices nei metodi di valutazione della sicurezza portuale. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, il lavoro mira a sviluppare un nuovo metodo nella gestione del rischio nelle aree portuali, incentrato sul rischio cumulativo nelle catene di dipendenza del rischio, al fine di definire uno strumento strategico per una logistica portuale più sicura e fluida. Il modello si prefigge l’obiettivo di superare le debolezze del metodo di valutazione del rischio degli impianti portuali attualmente utilizzato, in cui non vengono sufficientemente prese in considerazione le correlazioni tra i diversi stakeholders portuali sotto il profilo dell’esposizione al rischio. L’obiettivo del documento consiste nell’individuazione di una metodologia che, tramite una sperimentazione teorica, possa rappresentare la definizione di un modello capace di essere replicato e scalato in diversi contesti portuali, al fine di garantire una scalabilità sempre più capillare. La metodologia proposta in questo lavoro rappresenta un primo passo verso una graduale revisione del ruolo della Port Authority nella gestione della sicurezza nell’ambito portuale, ponendosi come Ente regolatore delle dipendenze di rischio individuate, al fine di poter esercitare le proprie funzioni di promotore e garante del Piano di Sicurezza del Porto, stabilite dalla Legge.
Le tecniche di valutazione di sicurezza in ambito portuale: sviluppi e applicazioni
MACCHIAVELLO, ENRICO
2025
Abstract
Over the last decades, seaports have increasingly strengthened their role in the global logistics chain, configuring themselves not only as infrastructural hubs for the loading and unloading of goods, but above all as nodes of logistical importance capable of contributing to the value chain. The complexity of technical port operations, including the services supporting them, both technical and administrative-fiscal in nature, has grown significantly, requiring stakeholders to increase their competitiveness from every point of view. In this sense, the efficiency of ports becomes crucial to maintain productivity and operational continuity beyond a certain threshold in any condition; in addition to this, ports, understood as critical infrastructures, are increasingly exposed to security issues (intended as both safety and security) for various reasons related to the international situation, globalization and climate change. The paper, starting from an examination of the role of Port Authorities, in particular with regard to the strategy for mitigating security risks in the areas under their jurisdiction, intends to underline the importance of considering the disruptions that events relevant to port security can introduce in ports, analyzing the "cascade effect" that a single event could introduce in the logistics chain. In this work, therefore, a theoretical analysis is proposed of the benefits induced by sharing risk assessment plans with a view to greater resilience of maritime ports against adverse events, and consequently new best practices are identified in port security assessment methods. To achieve this goal, the work aims to develop a new method in risk management in port areas, focused on cumulative risk in risk dependency chains, in order to define a strategic tool for safer and more fluid port logistics. The model aims to overcome the weaknesses of the risk assessment method of port facilities currently used, in which the correlations between the different port stakeholders in terms of exposure to risk are not sufficiently taken into account. The objective of the document consists in identifying a methodology that, through theoretical experimentation, can represent the definition of a model capable of being replicated and scaled in different port contexts, in order to guarantee increasingly widespread scalability. The methodology proposed in this work represents a first step towards a gradual review of the role of the Port Authority in the management of security in the port area, acting as a regulatory body for the identified risk dependencies, in order to be able to exercise its functions as promoter and guarantor of the Port Security Plan, established by the Law.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/352708
URN:NBN:IT:UNIGE-352708