The subject of this dissertation is the representative system, examined as an institution, an idea, and a political experience. The case study concerns Italy during the so-called Republican Triennium (1796–1799), and in particular the legislative activity of the Cisalpine, Ligurian, Roman, and Neapolitan Republics. The comparison among these experiences aims to identify the features that, at the time of their first appearance on the Italian peninsula, defined representative democracy. The main sources used for the research are the minutes of the assemblies of the sister republics. Through a critical analysis of all documented parliamentary debates, a set of historiographical themes common to the four case studies has been identified and discussed in the eight chapters of the dissertation. These themes are: the doctrinal traditions circulating in the Italian intellectual and political landscape of the Triennium concerning the representative system; the different meanings attributed by the deputies to legislative activity and to the role of the legislator; the elaboration by the representative assemblies of multiple sources of legitimacy and the acquisition of corresponding forms of power, observable in their relationship with the other organs of the State; the influence, within the assemblies, of the language of natural law and the various interpretations of the fundamental discourse on the rights of man; the issue of continuity between the Ancien Régime and the Revolution, starting from the juridical and legislative phenomenon of the translation of law, from its pre-revolutionary form to its republican constitutional dimension; the relationship between legislation and justice, and the analysis of the related contradictions between the influence of the Enlightenment legal tradition and the pressures for total revolutionary regeneration; the economic policy debated in the assemblies as a field of confrontation among different moral systems and a primary source of utopian projection; and finally, the issue of freedom of worship, through which the major Enlightenment and revolutionary dialectic concerning the relationship between the public and private spheres is revealed. All these themes have been addressed with a precise aim: to gain a deeper understanding of what political representation was in Italy during the Republican Triennium.
Oggetto di questa tesi è il sistema rappresentativo, come istituzione, idea ed esperienza politica. Caso di studio è l’Italia del cosiddetto Triennio repubblicano (1796-1799), ed in particolare l’attività legislativa delle repubbliche Cisalpina, Ligure, Romana, Napoletana. Il confronto tra queste esperienze è volto all’individuazione dei tratti che definirono allora la democrazia rappresentativa, alla sua prima comparsa nella penisola. Principale fonte utile alla ricerca sono i verbali delle assemblee delle repubbliche sorelle. Attraverso l’analisi critica della totalità dei dibattiti assembleari documentati, sono state individuate delle tematiche storiografiche trasversali ai quattro casi di studio, discusse negli otto capitoli della tesi. Questi temi sono: le tradizioni dottrinali diffuse nel panorama intellettuale e politico italiano del Triennio a proposito del sistema rappresentativo; i diversi significati attribuiti dai deputati all’attività legislativa ed al ruolo del legislatore; l’elaborazione, da parte della rappresentanza, di molteplici fonti di legittimità, e l’acquisizione di corrispondenti forme di potere, visualizzabili nel rapporto con gli altri organi dello Stato; l’influenza, nelle assemblee, del linguaggio giusnaturalista e le diverse interpretazioni del fondamentale discorso sui diritti dell’uomo; la questione della continuità tra Antico regime e Rivoluzione, a partire dal fenomeno giuridico e legislativo della traduzione del diritto, dalla sua forma prerivoluzionaria nella dimensione costituzionale repubblicana; il legame tra legislazione e giustizia, e l’analisi delle relative contraddizioni tra l’influsso della tradizione giuridica illuminista e le pressioni per la totale rigenerazione rivoluzionaria; la politica economica discussa nelle assemblee, come campo di scontro tra diversi sistemi morali e principale fonte di proiezione utopistica; la questione della libertà di culto, traverso cui si manifesta la grande dialettica illuminista e rivoluzionaria a proposito del rapporto tra sfera pubblica e sfera privata. Queste tematiche sono state affrontate al fine di comprendere qualcosa di più di ciò che fu la rappresentanza politica nell’Italia del Triennio.
Tra Illuminismo e Rivoluzione. La rappresentanza politica nel Triennio repubblicano (1796-1799)
MORETTI, ANDREA
2026
Abstract
The subject of this dissertation is the representative system, examined as an institution, an idea, and a political experience. The case study concerns Italy during the so-called Republican Triennium (1796–1799), and in particular the legislative activity of the Cisalpine, Ligurian, Roman, and Neapolitan Republics. The comparison among these experiences aims to identify the features that, at the time of their first appearance on the Italian peninsula, defined representative democracy. The main sources used for the research are the minutes of the assemblies of the sister republics. Through a critical analysis of all documented parliamentary debates, a set of historiographical themes common to the four case studies has been identified and discussed in the eight chapters of the dissertation. These themes are: the doctrinal traditions circulating in the Italian intellectual and political landscape of the Triennium concerning the representative system; the different meanings attributed by the deputies to legislative activity and to the role of the legislator; the elaboration by the representative assemblies of multiple sources of legitimacy and the acquisition of corresponding forms of power, observable in their relationship with the other organs of the State; the influence, within the assemblies, of the language of natural law and the various interpretations of the fundamental discourse on the rights of man; the issue of continuity between the Ancien Régime and the Revolution, starting from the juridical and legislative phenomenon of the translation of law, from its pre-revolutionary form to its republican constitutional dimension; the relationship between legislation and justice, and the analysis of the related contradictions between the influence of the Enlightenment legal tradition and the pressures for total revolutionary regeneration; the economic policy debated in the assemblies as a field of confrontation among different moral systems and a primary source of utopian projection; and finally, the issue of freedom of worship, through which the major Enlightenment and revolutionary dialectic concerning the relationship between the public and private spheres is revealed. All these themes have been addressed with a precise aim: to gain a deeper understanding of what political representation was in Italy during the Republican Triennium.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/358628
URN:NBN:IT:UNITS-358628