This doctoral thesis brings together three complementary studies that collectively examine the relationship between emerging systemic risks, particularly climate and geopolitical risks, and the credit risk of European banks. While each chapter adopts distinct methodologies and focuses on specific risk dimensions, they are all united by a common objective: to enhance the conceptual, empirical, and policy understanding of how new forms of uncertainty affect bank behavior and financial stability. The first paper provides a bibliometric review of climate risk research in banking, identifying key theoretical frameworks, transmission channels, and policy developments that shape banks’ exposure to climate risks. The second paper empirically examines how climate transition and physical risks affect banks’ credit risk across 102 financial institutions in 21 European Economic Area countries between 2019 and 2023, revealing that higher climate risk exposure significantly increases credit risk. The third paper extends this analysis by incorporating geopolitical risk, demonstrating that both climate and geopolitical factors substantially elevate banks’ credit vulnerability. Collectively, these studies contribute to the understanding of how climate and geopolitical risks propagate through the financial system, offering evidence-based insights for risk management and regulatory supervision.
Questa tesi di dottorato riunisce tre studi complementari che esaminano la relazione tra rischi sistemici emergenti, in particolare climatici e geopolitici, e il rischio di credito delle banche europee. La tesi mira a rafforzare la comprensione, sia concettuale sia empirica, di come le nuove forme di incertezza influenzino il comportamento delle banche e la stabilità finanziaria. Il primo articolo fornisce una revisione bibliometrica della letteratura sul rischio climatico nel settore bancario, identificando i principali quadri teorici e canali di trasmissione che influenzano l'esposizione delle banche ai rischi climatici. Il secondo articolo esamina empiricamente come i rischi di transizione climatica e fisici influenzino il rischio di credito delle banche, analizzando 102 istituzioni finanziarie in 21 paesi dell'Area Economica Europea tra il 2019 e il 2023, rivelando che una maggiore esposizione ai rischi climatici aumenta significativamente il rischio di credito. Il terzo articolo amplia questa analisi includendo il rischio geopolitico e dimostra che sia i fattori climatici sia quelli geopolitici aumentano in modo sostanziale la vulnerabilità creditizia delle banche. In sintesi, questi studi ci forniscono una comprensione più approfondita di come i rischi emergenti si diffondano nel sistema finanziario, offrendo anche spunti pratici basati su evidenze per la gestione del rischio e la regolamentazione.
Incertezza Climatica e Geopolitica nel Portafoglio Crediti delle Banche Europee
BELLINVIA, ADRIANO
2026
Abstract
This doctoral thesis brings together three complementary studies that collectively examine the relationship between emerging systemic risks, particularly climate and geopolitical risks, and the credit risk of European banks. While each chapter adopts distinct methodologies and focuses on specific risk dimensions, they are all united by a common objective: to enhance the conceptual, empirical, and policy understanding of how new forms of uncertainty affect bank behavior and financial stability. The first paper provides a bibliometric review of climate risk research in banking, identifying key theoretical frameworks, transmission channels, and policy developments that shape banks’ exposure to climate risks. The second paper empirically examines how climate transition and physical risks affect banks’ credit risk across 102 financial institutions in 21 European Economic Area countries between 2019 and 2023, revealing that higher climate risk exposure significantly increases credit risk. The third paper extends this analysis by incorporating geopolitical risk, demonstrating that both climate and geopolitical factors substantially elevate banks’ credit vulnerability. Collectively, these studies contribute to the understanding of how climate and geopolitical risks propagate through the financial system, offering evidence-based insights for risk management and regulatory supervision.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Climate and Geopolitical Uncertainty in European Banks? Credit Portfolios.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/360792
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-360792