Genetic, Ampelographic and Phenolic Characterisation of Armenian Grapevine Varieties (Vitis vinifera L.)

Being one of the oldest centres of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation, Armenia is rich in local old grapevine varieties. The abundance of grapevine biodiversity in a limited geographical area is intricately connected to the unique topographical features and a diverse range of climatic conditions, entwined with a rich cultural and historical heritage spanning millennia. Today, only a small portion of these varieties is widely used and many varieties that are well-adapted to their environment face extinction. Hence, a detailed investigation of their genetic diversity, uses, and potential for preservation is very important. In this thesis, it is present data generated through field studies, literature reviews, interviews with farmers, morphologic descriptions, genetic and polyphenol analyses for Armenian local grape varieties growing within the main viticulture regions of Armenia. A total of 275 accessions have been analysed using 21 SSR markers, revealing 148 distinct genotypes, with 127 genotypes being duplicate individuals such as synonyms, homonyms, or clones. The true-to-type identity of the 127 genotypes was verified and confirmed. No references or corresponding genetic profiles was found for 12 genotypes, making identification impossible, 9 cases require additional clarification. The description of 93 varieties were carried out using 32 OIV descriptors. Phenolic composition of 13 distinct varieties were analysed. Outcomes of this study will contribute to a better knowledge of Armenian grapevine genetic resources and serve as a pivotal reference point for their preservation management, appropriate use in breeding programmes and vinification.