The progressive entrenchment of mafia infiltration in markets and public institutions has led the Italian legal system to develop a complex set of preventive legal instruments, characterized by a significant anticipation of the threshold for public intervention and, for this reason, the subject of widespread concern regarding their compatibility with existing constitutional and international principles. Within this framework, the present study aims to investigate the role assumed by Public Administrations, which themselves hold specific control powers broadly referable to the function of safeguarding security and public order. From the perspective adopted in this research, these powers outline a distinct category that may be defined as “administrative law of anti-mafia prevention”. Starting with a preliminary sociological overview of the structural characteristics of the mafia phenomenon, the analysis focuses on the two main pillars of the administrative preventive system: the anti-mafia documentation regime and the dissolution of local authorities due to mafia infiltration and influence. In light of a highly critical scholarly debate, the study seeks to address the question of the conditions and safeguards necessary to ensure that such instruments comply with the principles, values, and guarantees of a constitutional state governed by the rule of law. The research is structured along three main lines: first, an examination of the inherent problematic aspects of the legal framework in question and the identification of possible corrective measures, including from a "de iure condendo" perspective; second, an analysis of the most recent developments in the system, marked by the gradual emergence of collaborative intervention models aimed at restoring entities affected by infiltration; and finally, an in-depth look at risk-prevention measures designed to eliminate the conditions that facilitate the spread of mafia organizations. The study concludes with a comparative perspective, analyzing recent reforms in Brazil’s system for combating organized crime, in order to highlight the structural and functional limitations associated with transplanting anti-mafia models into different legal, institutional, and socio-cultural contexts.
Il progressivo radicamento delle infiltrazioni mafiose nei mercati e nelle istituzioni pubbliche ha indotto l’ordinamento italiano a dotarsi di un articolato plesso di strumenti giuridici di prevenzione, connotati da una significativa anticipazione della soglia di intervento pubblico e, per tale ragione, oggetto di diffuse perplessità in ordine alla loro compatibilità con i principî costituzionali e convenzionali vigenti. In tale quadro, la presente ricerca si propone di indagare il ruolo assunto dalle Pubbliche Amministrazioni, titolari, a loro volta, di peculiari strumenti di controllo genericamente riconducibili alla funzione di tutela della sicurezza e dell’ordine pubblico, che, nella prospettiva adottata in questo studio, vanno a delineare una specifica categoria, definibile come “diritto amministrativo della prevenzione antimafia”. Muovendo da una preliminare ricognizione, di taglio sociologico, sulle caratteristiche strutturali del fenomeno mafioso, l’analisi si concentra sui due principali pilastri dell’apparato preventivo amministrativo: il sistema della documentazione antimafia e l’istituto dello scioglimento degli enti locali per infiltrazioni e condizionamenti mafiosi. Alla luce di un dibattito dottrinale fortemente critico, l’indagine è orientata a rispondere al quesito concernente le condizioni e gli accorgimenti necessari a garantire la conformità di tali strumenti ai principî, ai valori e alle garanzie propri di uno Stato costituzionale di diritto. A tal fine, lo studio si articola in tre direttrici principali: in primo luogo, l’esame dei profili problematici intrinseci all’armamentario in esame e l’individuazione di possibili correttivi, anche in prospettiva de iure condendo; in secondo luogo, l’analisi delle più recenti evoluzioni del sistema, segnate dal progressivo affermarsi di moduli di intervento collaborativi, orientati alla bonifica delle realtà infiltrate; infine, l’approfondimento delle misure di prevenzione del rischio, volte a rimuovere le condizioni favorevoli alla diffusione delle organizzazioni mafiose. La ricerca si conclude con una prospettiva comparata, attraverso l’analisi delle recenti riforme che hanno interessato il sistema brasiliano di contrasto alla criminalità organizzata, al fine di evidenziare i limiti strutturali e funzionali connessi alla trasposizione di modelli antimafia in contesti ordinamentali, istituzionali e socio-culturali differenti.
Il potere amministrativo di prevenzione antimafia nello Stato costituzionale di diritto: ragioni, natura e prospettive
GIACALONE, Francesco
2026
Abstract
The progressive entrenchment of mafia infiltration in markets and public institutions has led the Italian legal system to develop a complex set of preventive legal instruments, characterized by a significant anticipation of the threshold for public intervention and, for this reason, the subject of widespread concern regarding their compatibility with existing constitutional and international principles. Within this framework, the present study aims to investigate the role assumed by Public Administrations, which themselves hold specific control powers broadly referable to the function of safeguarding security and public order. From the perspective adopted in this research, these powers outline a distinct category that may be defined as “administrative law of anti-mafia prevention”. Starting with a preliminary sociological overview of the structural characteristics of the mafia phenomenon, the analysis focuses on the two main pillars of the administrative preventive system: the anti-mafia documentation regime and the dissolution of local authorities due to mafia infiltration and influence. In light of a highly critical scholarly debate, the study seeks to address the question of the conditions and safeguards necessary to ensure that such instruments comply with the principles, values, and guarantees of a constitutional state governed by the rule of law. The research is structured along three main lines: first, an examination of the inherent problematic aspects of the legal framework in question and the identification of possible corrective measures, including from a "de iure condendo" perspective; second, an analysis of the most recent developments in the system, marked by the gradual emergence of collaborative intervention models aimed at restoring entities affected by infiltration; and finally, an in-depth look at risk-prevention measures designed to eliminate the conditions that facilitate the spread of mafia organizations. The study concludes with a comparative perspective, analyzing recent reforms in Brazil’s system for combating organized crime, in order to highlight the structural and functional limitations associated with transplanting anti-mafia models into different legal, institutional, and socio-cultural contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/364334
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPA-364334