This research aims to examine the extent to which the European Union integrates intersectionality into its development programmes, particularly in terms of understanding the socio-economic and political contexts of local communities, incorporating intersectional principles and empowering women. The European Neighbourhood Instrument for Cross-Border Cooperation in the Mediterranean (ENI CBC MED) is used as a case study as it is implemented on a large scale with 80 projects that aim to promote economic and social development and address common environmental challenges in the different societies of the Mediterranean region. Although intersectionality is a relatively recent concept, it is used here as an evaluation framework to analyse discrimination and privilege. The reseach applies nine guiding principles of intersectionality: “intersecting categories", “multi-level analysis", “reflexivity", “time and space", “diverse knowledge", “social justice", “resilience and resistance", “power” and “equity”— to assess programme design and implementation. Data was collected through interviews with project staff and beneficiaries. The results show that the integration of intersectionality largely depended on the awareness and field experience of the project implementers and was not embedded in the official framework of the programme. While the programme paid attention to socio-economic contexts, political and cultural dimensions were often neglected. Concepts such as women’s empowerment were interpreted inconsistently and sometimes reduced to a narrow economic role, as intersectionality was only understood to a limited extent and was missing from the core of the programme. This research highlights the need for EU programmes to systematically integrate intersectional principles, ensuring more inclusive and context-sensitive development interventions.
Questa tesi si propone di esaminare in quale misura l’Unione Europea integri l’intersezionalità nei propri programmi di sviluppo, in particolare in relazione alla comprensione dei contesti socio-economici e politici delle comunità locali, all’incorporazione dei principi intersezionali e all’emancipazione delle donne. Come caso di studio viene utilizzato lo Strumento Europeo di Vicinato per la Cooperazione Transfrontaliera nel Mediterraneo (ENI CBC MED), in quanto attuato su larga scala con 80 progetti finalizzati a promuovere lo sviluppo economico e sociale e ad affrontare sfide ambientali comuni nelle diverse società della regione mediterranea. Sebbene l’intersezionalità sia un concetto relativamente recente, essa viene qui impiegata come quadro di valutazione per analizzare discriminazioni e privilegi. Lo studio applica nove principi guida dell’intersezionalità — “categorie intersecanti”, “analisi multilivello”, “riflessività”, “tempo e spazio”, “saperi diversi”, “giustizia sociale”, “resilienza e resistenza”, “potere” ed “equità”, per valutare la progettazione e l’attuazione dei programmi. I dati sono stati raccolti attraverso interviste con il personale dei progetti e i beneficiari. I risultati mostrano che l’integrazione dell’intersezionalità dipendeva in larga misura dalla consapevolezza e dall’esperienza sul campo degli attuatori dei progetti e non era incorporata nel quadro ufficiale del programma. Sebbene il programma prestasse attenzione ai contesti socio-economici, le dimensioni politiche e culturali venivano spesso trascurate. Concetti come l’empowerment femminile venivano interpretati in modo incoerente e talvolta ridotti a un ruolo economico ristretto, poiché l’intersezionalità era compresa solo in misura limitata e risultava assente dal nucleo del programma. Questa ricerca mette in evidenza la necessità che i programmi dell’UE integrino sistematicamente i principi intersezionali, al fine di garantire interventi di sviluppo più inclusivi e sensibili al contesto.
L’intersezionalità nei programmi dell’Unione Europea: Uno studio di caso sull’ENI CBC MED
ABUSHKHADIM, HIND A.Y.
2026
Abstract
This research aims to examine the extent to which the European Union integrates intersectionality into its development programmes, particularly in terms of understanding the socio-economic and political contexts of local communities, incorporating intersectional principles and empowering women. The European Neighbourhood Instrument for Cross-Border Cooperation in the Mediterranean (ENI CBC MED) is used as a case study as it is implemented on a large scale with 80 projects that aim to promote economic and social development and address common environmental challenges in the different societies of the Mediterranean region. Although intersectionality is a relatively recent concept, it is used here as an evaluation framework to analyse discrimination and privilege. The reseach applies nine guiding principles of intersectionality: “intersecting categories", “multi-level analysis", “reflexivity", “time and space", “diverse knowledge", “social justice", “resilience and resistance", “power” and “equity”— to assess programme design and implementation. Data was collected through interviews with project staff and beneficiaries. The results show that the integration of intersectionality largely depended on the awareness and field experience of the project implementers and was not embedded in the official framework of the programme. While the programme paid attention to socio-economic contexts, political and cultural dimensions were often neglected. Concepts such as women’s empowerment were interpreted inconsistently and sometimes reduced to a narrow economic role, as intersectionality was only understood to a limited extent and was missing from the core of the programme. This research highlights the need for EU programmes to systematically integrate intersectional principles, ensuring more inclusive and context-sensitive development interventions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/368626
URN:NBN:IT:UNIBA-368626