EVERYTHING-AS-A-SERVICE: A NEW SUSTAINABLE MODEL FOR MANUFACTURING

This thesis explores the emergence of Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS) as an evolving business model in manufacturing, examining its relationship with servitization, digital transformation, and environmental sustainability. Through a systematic literature review and multiple case studies, the research develops an integrated framework to characterize XaaS business models and investigates their adoption patterns, implementation challenges, and managerial best practices. The findings highlight the diversity of XaaS configurations, the importance of digital capabilities and organizational transformation, and the role of customer relationships and ecosystem partnerships. Finally, the study explores the environmental implications of XaaS, identifying both its potential to support resource efficiency and circular economy practices and the barriers that may limit its sustainability benefits. Overall, the thesis provides theoretical and practical insights into the transformation of manufacturing business models towards service- and performance-oriented value creation.