Corpi legittimi e corpi esclusi. Una riflessione antropologica sulla corporeità come luogo di costruzione della differenza nelle politiche migratorie contemporanee

In the aim of interrogate current migration politics as an exclusionary apparatus, the thesis developed an anthropological comment on body and corporality as the place where differences and borders are created. The attention concentrates on the contradictory process of recognition of political asylum that characterizes Italian and European politics, where a humanitarian approach combines with politics of securization and exclusion, having as main result the progressive substitution of asylum as a political and human right with a precarious concept of ‘humanitarian concession’. The recent grow of suspect towards refugees, often intended as ‘bogus’ or terrorists, and the connected sophistication of technologies of scrutiny, contributes in further restrict the possibilities of its achievement. Moving from these presuppositions, body is interrogate as the ‘site’ where humanitarian compassion and political repression meet, taking on actions of control and research of evidence on the identity and testimony, and selecting an increasingly narrow range of characteristics as legitimate for inclusion. Corporality can be therefore interpreted as a tool employed with the intention to confer legitimacy to politics sustaining an exceptional and discretionary inclusion and, in this sense, as an instrument used to develop and reinforce borders. It ultimately appears a precious observatory in order to individuate and investigate the ‘moral economies’ that regulate contemporary process of inclusion and exclusion, decreeing in this sense who is supposed to represent the ‘real refugee’ in current European political stage.