Background: Parents of children with ASD can experience high levels of stress and mental health problems, in particular in absence of adequate support. The importance of family involvement and of parent training programs has been demonstrated by a series studies, but it is crucial to continue to validate the impact of different programs. Objectives: The main purposes of this study are a) to assess the presence of stress in parents of children with ASD and b) to evaluate the impact of the Parent Training group intervention, organized and implemented at the Autism Center of the Azienda USL of Reggio Emilia (Italy). Methods: Data used in the present study have been collected during the period 2013 – 2020 at the Autism Center of the Azienda USL of Reggio Emilia. Assessments were conducted on parents whose children have been diagnosed with ASD. Parents involved in the study participated in the Basic Training Course, according to the age of their child (0-6 years, 7-11 years, 12-18 years). Questionnaires were administered at Time 1 and at Time 2 (T1 and T2), that is before-and-after the participation to the Basic Course Parent Training. Results: The main findings show the presence of psychological stress associated to parental role, assessed with the self-report questionnaire Parental Stress Index-Short Form (out of 95 parents, 18.9% scored for Total Stress 85). Analyses also demonstrate some significant changes after the training, in particular when levels at T1 were high. In fact, it has been registered a decrease in the levels of total stress (Total Stress Scale 85°; p=0.006) and in the levels of stress connected to the parental role and parental competence (PD subscale 90; p=0.031). In addition, after the Training Course parents’ view on their child’s temperamental characteristics has positively changed (DC subscale 76-89° and 90°; p=0.031 and p=0.002) and it was registered an improvement in levels of satisfaction about parent-child relationship (P-CDI subscale 76°-89° and 90; p=0.008 and p=0.014). Conclusions: This study contributes to the growing body literature on stress of parents of children with ASD and on Training Interventions for parents. Although with limitations (i.e., generalizability of findings, sample size and absence of a control group), this study highlights the need of implementing family-centered practices and interventions, focused on parents’ mental health with the aim of increasing the well-being and the quality of life of the family as a system.
Background: I genitori di bambini con disturbo dello spettro autistico (Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD) possono sperimentare alti livelli di stress e problemi di salute mentale, in particolare in assenza di un supporto adeguato. L'importanza del coinvolgimento delle famiglie e dei programmi di formazione per i genitori è stata dimostrata in una serie di studi, ma è fondamentale continuare a validare l'impatto dei diversi programmi. Obiettivi: Gli scopi principali di questo studio sono: a) valutare la presenza di stress nei genitori di bambini con ASD e b) valutare l'impatto di un intervento di Parent Training di gruppo, organizzato e implementato presso il Centro Autismo dell'Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia. Metodi: I dati utilizzati nel presente studio sono stati raccolti nel periodo 2013-2020 presso il Centro Autismo dell'Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia. Le valutazioni sono state condotte sui genitori i cui figli avevano ricevuto una diagnosi di ASD. I genitori coinvolti nello studio hanno partecipato al Corso di formazione di base, a seconda dell'età del figlio (0-6 anni, 7-11 anni, 12-18 anni). I questionari sono stati somministrati al tempo 1 e al tempo 2 (T1 e T2), cioè prima e dopo la partecipazione al corso di formazione di base per genitori. Risultati: I risultati principali mostrano la presenza di stress psicologico associato al ruolo genitoriale, valutato con il questionario self-report Parental Stress Index-Short Form (su 95 genitori, il 18,9% ha ottenuto il punteggio di Total Stress 85). Inoltre, le analisi dimostrano alcuni cambiamenti significativi dopo il training, in particolare quando i livelli al T1 erano elevati. Infatti, è stata registrata una diminuzione dei livelli di stress totale (Total Stress Scale 85°; p=0,006) e dei livelli di stress legati al ruolo genitoriale e alla competenza genitoriale (sottoscala PD 90; p=0,031). In aggiunta, dopo il corso di formazione, l'opinione dei genitori sulle caratteristiche temperamentali dei figli è cambiata positivamente (sottoscala DC 76-89° e 90°; p=0,031 e p=0,002) e si è registrato un miglioramento nei livelli di soddisfazione della relazione genitori-figli (sottoscala P-CDI 76°-89° e 90; p=0,008 e p=0,014). Conclusioni: Questo studio contribuisce alla crescente letteratura sullo stress dei genitori di bambini con ASD e sugli interventi di formazione per i genitori. Seppur considerando i suoi limiti (generalizzabilità dei risultati, dimensione del campione e assenza di un gruppo di controllo), questo studio evidenzia la necessità di implementare pratiche e interventi incentrati sulla famiglia, focalizzati sulla salute mentale dei genitori, con l'obiettivo di aumentare il benessere e la qualità della vita della famiglia intesa come sistema.
Valutazione dell'impatto di un intervento di Parent Training di gruppo in una popolazione di genitori di soggetti in età evolutiva con disturbo dello spettro autistico (Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)
SCANDROGLIO, FRANCESCA
2024
Abstract
Background: Parents of children with ASD can experience high levels of stress and mental health problems, in particular in absence of adequate support. The importance of family involvement and of parent training programs has been demonstrated by a series studies, but it is crucial to continue to validate the impact of different programs. Objectives: The main purposes of this study are a) to assess the presence of stress in parents of children with ASD and b) to evaluate the impact of the Parent Training group intervention, organized and implemented at the Autism Center of the Azienda USL of Reggio Emilia (Italy). Methods: Data used in the present study have been collected during the period 2013 – 2020 at the Autism Center of the Azienda USL of Reggio Emilia. Assessments were conducted on parents whose children have been diagnosed with ASD. Parents involved in the study participated in the Basic Training Course, according to the age of their child (0-6 years, 7-11 years, 12-18 years). Questionnaires were administered at Time 1 and at Time 2 (T1 and T2), that is before-and-after the participation to the Basic Course Parent Training. Results: The main findings show the presence of psychological stress associated to parental role, assessed with the self-report questionnaire Parental Stress Index-Short Form (out of 95 parents, 18.9% scored for Total Stress 85). Analyses also demonstrate some significant changes after the training, in particular when levels at T1 were high. In fact, it has been registered a decrease in the levels of total stress (Total Stress Scale 85°; p=0.006) and in the levels of stress connected to the parental role and parental competence (PD subscale 90; p=0.031). In addition, after the Training Course parents’ view on their child’s temperamental characteristics has positively changed (DC subscale 76-89° and 90°; p=0.031 and p=0.002) and it was registered an improvement in levels of satisfaction about parent-child relationship (P-CDI subscale 76°-89° and 90; p=0.008 and p=0.014). Conclusions: This study contributes to the growing body literature on stress of parents of children with ASD and on Training Interventions for parents. Although with limitations (i.e., generalizability of findings, sample size and absence of a control group), this study highlights the need of implementing family-centered practices and interventions, focused on parents’ mental health with the aim of increasing the well-being and the quality of life of the family as a system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Thesis_PhD_Francesca Scandroglio_2024.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/80084
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-80084