This PhD thesis focuses on the social transformations triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and, particularly, in the village of San Pablo Huitzo. The thesis combines nine months of ethnographic fieldwork with anthropological theoretical reflections. The social transformations examined represent a model of development beyond development. The interpretation of these transformations goes through the processes of learning, re-learning and re-signification of community knowledge and skills. These processes have been required to cope with Covid-19 and the structural limits of the health and public welfare system that the pandemic circumstance has highlighted. Many villages of Oaxaca adopted several strategies to prevent and treat viral contagion, according to their level of political, alimentary, medical, cultural, and organizational autonomy. These strategies were based on encierro (the closure of village’s borders), on a massive return to the earth, with a marked agroecological connotation, and the revitalization of traditional medicine. These strategies are part of an overall movement of 'turning inwards', characterized by a renewed focus on the community, the territory, and the local dimension. This movement has gone with a widespread reflection on the way of life perceived as the most suitable for the communities of Oaxaca. “Care” as a concept represents the thread of the thesis, which concludes by introducing some questions for possible future developments: which transformations occurred during the pandemic will also affect beyond Covid-19? During and beyond a pandemic, how can anthropology be part of the cure?
La presente tesi di Dottorato è dedicata allo studio delle trasformazioni sociali innescate dalla pandemia del Covid-19 nello Stato messicano di Oaxaca, con particolare riferimento al pueblo di San Pablo Huitzo. La tesi coniuga un lavoro di campo etnografico di nove mesi con le riflessioni teoriche della disciplina antropologica. Le trasformazioni sociali prese in esame rappresentano un modello di sviluppo oltre lo sviluppo. La chiave di lettura di tali trasformazioni è costituita dai processi di apprendimento, re-apprendimento e re-significazione delle conoscenze e delle competenze comunitarie innescati dal Covid-19 e dalla possibilità/necessità di farvi fronte in maniera autonoma, alla luce dei limiti strutturali del sistema di salute e del welfare pubblico che la circostanza pandemica ha evidenziato. Tali processi sono avvenuti all’interno di un complesso di strategie di prevenzione e cura del contagio virale adottate da numerosi municipi di Oaxaca in base al proprio grado di autonomia politica, alimentare, medica, culturale, organizzativa. Tali strategie si sono basate sull’encierro (la chiusura dei propri confini territoriali), sul ritorno alla terra avvenuto con una marcata declinazione agroecologica e sulla rivitalizzazione della medicina tradizionale. Queste strategie fanno parte di un complessivo movimento di “svolta verso l’interno”, caratterizzato per una nuova attenzione alla comunità, al territorio e alla dimensione locale, accompagnato da riflessioni diffuse rispetto al modo di vita percepito come proprio. La cura è un concetto che rappresenta il fil-rouge della tesi, che si conclude introducendo alcuni interrogativi per prossimi eventuali sviluppi: quali delle trasformazioni in corso durante la pandemia rimarranno anche oltre il Covid-19? Durante e oltre una pandemia, come può l’antropologia fare parte della cura?
(RE)IMPARARE DALLA PANDEMIA: HACER COMUNIDAD DI FRONTE AL COVID-19 (OAXACA, MESSICO)
FUSAR POLI, ELENA
2023
Abstract
This PhD thesis focuses on the social transformations triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and, particularly, in the village of San Pablo Huitzo. The thesis combines nine months of ethnographic fieldwork with anthropological theoretical reflections. The social transformations examined represent a model of development beyond development. The interpretation of these transformations goes through the processes of learning, re-learning and re-signification of community knowledge and skills. These processes have been required to cope with Covid-19 and the structural limits of the health and public welfare system that the pandemic circumstance has highlighted. Many villages of Oaxaca adopted several strategies to prevent and treat viral contagion, according to their level of political, alimentary, medical, cultural, and organizational autonomy. These strategies were based on encierro (the closure of village’s borders), on a massive return to the earth, with a marked agroecological connotation, and the revitalization of traditional medicine. These strategies are part of an overall movement of 'turning inwards', characterized by a renewed focus on the community, the territory, and the local dimension. This movement has gone with a widespread reflection on the way of life perceived as the most suitable for the communities of Oaxaca. “Care” as a concept represents the thread of the thesis, which concludes by introducing some questions for possible future developments: which transformations occurred during the pandemic will also affect beyond Covid-19? During and beyond a pandemic, how can anthropology be part of the cure?File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/80842
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMI-80842