This research explores the adoption of lesbian- and gay-friendly policies by companies in Italy, a national context characterized by conflicting pressures related to the deinstitutionalization of heterosexism in the workplace. We examine the logics and the processes by which 14 organizations have implemented organizational practices aimed at the inclusion of gay and lesbian employees. Relying on the notion of institutional entrepreneurship we show how the interventions of two key actors – as institutional entrepreneurs – resulted decisive in shaping two different processes of adoption. An employer association is very much the crucial point of reference for a top-down process triggered and supported by organizations’ top management; at the same time, LGBT rights departments from trade unions are the crucial point of reference of bottom-up process stemming from individual company employees. While the first institutional entrepreneur promotes institutional change targeting managers with a business case narrative, the latter promotes institutional change employing much more of a social justice narrative. Despite the potential complementarities between the two processes, we argue that both actors (and their narratives) need the demarcation from each other in order to secure their legitimacy, which makes these processes non-coordinated. This study provides the first account for the adoption of LGB(T)-friendly policies in Europe and enriches the debate on institutional entrepreneurship by exploring parallel ways to address the same institutional change process.
La diffusione di pratiche organizzative inclusive rivolte alla forza lavoro gay e lesbica è un fenomeno emergente in Italia, un contesto nazionale caratterizzato da pressioni conflittuali rispetto alla deistituzionalizzazione dell’eterosessismo nei luoghi di lavoro. Il presente studio esamina le logiche e i processi attraverso i quali quattordici imprese hanno implementato pratiche inclusive rivolte alla popolazione omosessuale. Basandoci sulla nozione di institutional entrepreneurship mostriamo come l’intervento di due attori chiave – nei panni di institutional entrepreneurs – sia risultato decisivo nella definizione di due diversi processi di adozione delle pratiche. Un’associazione datoriale è il punto di riferimento per quanto riguarda un processo top-down supportato dal top management delle organizzazioni; parallelamente, gli uffici dedicati ai diritti delle persone LGBT all’interno di due maggiori sindacati italiani sono il punto di riferimento rispetto ad un processo bottom-up, attivato dai singoli lavoratori. Mentre il primo institutional entrepreneur si rivolge al management per promuovere un cambiamento istituzionale basato su una logica di business case, i secondi giustificano la propria azione sulla base di una logica di giustizia sociale. Nonostante i due processi presentino potenziali complementarietà, gli attori di riferimento (e le loro retoriche) rimangono distanziati al fine di mantenere la legittimità conferitagli rispettivamente dai datori di lavoro e dal sindacato. Questa ricerca rappresenta il primo studio sul processo di adozione di politiche organizzative inclusive della popolazione LGB(T) in Europa, e va ad arricchire il dibattito sull’institutional entrepreneurship esaminando modi alternativi di approcciare lo stesso processo di cambiamento istituzionale.
BRINGING LESBIAN- AND GAY-FRIENDLINESS INTO THE CORPORATE WORLD: THEDIFFUSION OF CONTROVERSIAL DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES THROUGHTHE LENS OF INSTITUTIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
PULCHER, SIMONE
2018
Abstract
This research explores the adoption of lesbian- and gay-friendly policies by companies in Italy, a national context characterized by conflicting pressures related to the deinstitutionalization of heterosexism in the workplace. We examine the logics and the processes by which 14 organizations have implemented organizational practices aimed at the inclusion of gay and lesbian employees. Relying on the notion of institutional entrepreneurship we show how the interventions of two key actors – as institutional entrepreneurs – resulted decisive in shaping two different processes of adoption. An employer association is very much the crucial point of reference for a top-down process triggered and supported by organizations’ top management; at the same time, LGBT rights departments from trade unions are the crucial point of reference of bottom-up process stemming from individual company employees. While the first institutional entrepreneur promotes institutional change targeting managers with a business case narrative, the latter promotes institutional change employing much more of a social justice narrative. Despite the potential complementarities between the two processes, we argue that both actors (and their narratives) need the demarcation from each other in order to secure their legitimacy, which makes these processes non-coordinated. This study provides the first account for the adoption of LGB(T)-friendly policies in Europe and enriches the debate on institutional entrepreneurship by exploring parallel ways to address the same institutional change process.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/82845
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMI-82845