Origenes brevior. Ricerche su Origene e sulla tradizione del Commento a Matteo (con l'edizione dei libri XII-XIII)

This thesis has two distinct but related purposes. First of all, it aims at testing the greater or lesser willingness of Byzantine readers to dialogue with the fascinating but controversial Origen's legacy. In this perspective, we will investigate a curious reference, contained in the acts of the Second Council of Nicaea (787), to the presumed acts of an apostolic synod held in Antioch and kept in Origen's library (chapter 1). We will then focus on the study of Photius' appreciation of the figure and work of Origen. The evaluation of his theological thought will be joined with the material transmission of Origen's works. Indeed, ms. Marc.gr. 47of the Philocalia will be particularly relevant in this research (chapter 2). Secondly, this thesis will deal with the reception and the medieval transmission of a work by Origen, the Commentary on Matthew. The edition of books 12 and 13 will therefore be 560 provided, departing from the ecdotic criteria adopted by Klostermann in his 1935 edition. For this work, a Greek text is available (books 10-17 on 25), partially overlapping with an anonymous Latin translation (5th-6th century). Our aim is to demonstrate that our Greek manuscripts do not transmit the text as licensed by the author. On the contrary, they attest a later compilation, in which the Commentary on Matthew has been heavily abbreviated. We will come to this conclusion through the systematic comparison between the Greek text and the Latin translation, which often appears wider (chapter 4), and with the exegetical chains dedicated to the Synoptic Gospels which, where they draw from Origen's Commentary, offer passages unknown to the direct tradition (chapter 3). The same conclusions will then be drawn from the study of other branches of the tradition, among which the fragments of Crypt. Γ. β. VI stand out. They are in fact a witness of the unabridged version of the Commentary on Matthew (chapters 5 and 6). In its 1935 edition, Klostermann had inserted in the Greek text conjectures and additions derived from the systematic comparison with the Latin translation. Here we offer instead an edition of the Greek abridged version, purified from the interventions of the German scholar. The Greek text will be accompanied by a strictly literal Italian translation and will be followed by a series of notes to justify the most delicate ecdotic choices. The edition will also be based on a new codicological and palaeographic study of the Greek manuscripts of the Commentary on Matthew (Cantabr.Trin.Coll. B. 8. 10; Monac.gr. 191; Marc.gr. 43, Vat.gr. 597; Par.gr. 455; Matr.gr. 4725; Barb.gr. 575; Barb.gr. 556). Finally, an updated stemmatic arrangement of the manuscript tradition will be offered (chapter 7).