In this PhD work, it is provided the first characterization at a molecular level of the C-terminal domain of the human OSCP in solution, by a synergic use of different and advanced structural techniques as NMR, Bio-SAXS and ITC. Thanks to the information collected also for the human N-terminal domain, it has been possible to perform a preliminary investigation of the whole subunit in solution, understanding new and unexpected structural proprieties that will help to elucidate the emerging therapeutic roles of the OSCP, even as a regulatory subunit of the m-PTP. The new information about the OSCP allowed us to study for the first time two protein-protein interaction processes at a molecular level, which are involved in the m-PTP regulation and its related pathologies. The first one is the novel binding event between the OSCP and the first isoform of the ATPase inhibitor IF1-1 that is known for its inhibitory action against the complex V hydrolytic activity in anoxia, through the binding within the F1 catalytic module. The new interaction between the OSCP and IF1-1 was detected in some tumor cell models, where the inhibitor is overexpressed, during mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis (oxidative phosphorylation). This novel binding event does not affect the ATP synthase catalysis but it prevents the apoptosis, specifically through the m-PTP desensitization, helping in this way the cancer cell to achieve an apoptosis-resistant phenotype and immortality. The second binding process regards the well known interaction between the OSCP and CypD which has never been studied at a molecular level. Our investigation allowed to elucidate new, despite preliminary, aspects about the structural mechanisms of this protein-protein binding event that remains, nowadays, one of the few molecular processes accepted form the scientific community as directly involved into the m-PTP sensitization. It is also reported, as a side project, the structural characterization of the interaction between human protein kinase CK2α (catalytic subunit) and a novel ruthenium-based polyoxometalate, which provides an interesting inhibition mechanism against the cancer-related CK2, at a molecular level.
In questa tesi di dottorato, viene presentata, per la prima volta, una caratterizzazione a livello molecolare del dominio C-terminale della proteina umana OSCP in soluzione, tramite l’impiego sinergico di diverse tecniche strutturali avanzate come l’NMR, il Bio-SAXS e l’ITC. Successivamente, grazie alle informazioni raccolte anche per il dominio umano N-terminale, è stato possibile porre le basi per una prima indagine biofisica dell’intera subunità in soluzione, comprendendone nuove ed inaspettate proprietà strutturali che aiuteranno a fare luce sugli emergenti ruoli terapeutici di OSCP, anche in qualità di subunità regolatrice del m-PTP. Le nuove informazioni raccolte su OSCP hanno poi permesso di effettuare i primi studi a livello molecolare su due processi di interazione proteina-proteina connessi con la regolazione del m-PTP e con le patologie cellulari ad esso correlate. Il primo riguarda un nuovo legame fra OSCP e la prima isoforma dell’inibitore mitocondriale dell’ATP sintasi IF1-1, ad oggi noto solamente per l’azione inibitrice dell’attività idrolasica del complesso V in condizioni ipossiche, attraverso il legame con la porzione catalitica F1. La nuova interazione tra OSCP e IF1-1 è stata trovata in alcuni modelli cellulari tumorali, nei quali l’inibitore risulta essere particolarmente sovra-espresso, in condizioni in cui l’enzima sintetizza ATP (fosforilazione ossidativa). Questo nuovo legame non influenza l’attività enzimatica dell’ATP sintasi ma inibisce l’apoptosi cellulare, nello specifico attraverso un silenziamento del m-PTP, aiutando così la cellula tumorale a raggiungere una condizione di apoptosi-resistenza e immortalità. Il secondo processo, invece, coinvolge la nota interazione fra OSCP e CypD, finora mai studiata a livello molecolare. La nostra indagine ha permesso di portare alla luce nuove, seppur preliminari, informazioni riguardo il meccanismo strutturale di questo legame proteina-proteina che resta, ad oggi, uno dei pochi processi molecolari riconosciuti dal mondo scientifico come direttamente coinvolto nell’apertura del m-PTP. Viene inoltre riportata la caratterizzazione strutturale dell’interazione fra la chinasi umana CK2α (subunità catalitica) e un nuovo poliossometallato a base di rutenio. Attraverso i risultati sperimentali ottenuti, è stato proposto un interessante meccanismo di inibizione dell’enzima, la cui attività catalitica è particolarmente importante per i meccanismi di proliferazione sfruttati delle cellule tumorali.
CARATTERIZZAZIONE DI NUOVE PROPRIETA’ STRUTTURALI DELLA SUBUNITA' UMANA OSCP DI ATP SINTASI E ANALISI BIOFISICA DELLE SUE INTERAZIONI CON L’INIBITORE MITOCONDRIALE IF1-1 E CON LA CICLOFILINA D, CORRELATE A SITUAZIONI FISIOPATOLOGICHE CONNESSE CON LA REGOLAZIONE DEL m-PTP COME L'INVECCHIAMENTO, IL CANCRO E LA MALATTIA DI ALZHEIMER
FABBIAN, SIMONE
2022
Abstract
In this PhD work, it is provided the first characterization at a molecular level of the C-terminal domain of the human OSCP in solution, by a synergic use of different and advanced structural techniques as NMR, Bio-SAXS and ITC. Thanks to the information collected also for the human N-terminal domain, it has been possible to perform a preliminary investigation of the whole subunit in solution, understanding new and unexpected structural proprieties that will help to elucidate the emerging therapeutic roles of the OSCP, even as a regulatory subunit of the m-PTP. The new information about the OSCP allowed us to study for the first time two protein-protein interaction processes at a molecular level, which are involved in the m-PTP regulation and its related pathologies. The first one is the novel binding event between the OSCP and the first isoform of the ATPase inhibitor IF1-1 that is known for its inhibitory action against the complex V hydrolytic activity in anoxia, through the binding within the F1 catalytic module. The new interaction between the OSCP and IF1-1 was detected in some tumor cell models, where the inhibitor is overexpressed, during mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis (oxidative phosphorylation). This novel binding event does not affect the ATP synthase catalysis but it prevents the apoptosis, specifically through the m-PTP desensitization, helping in this way the cancer cell to achieve an apoptosis-resistant phenotype and immortality. The second binding process regards the well known interaction between the OSCP and CypD which has never been studied at a molecular level. Our investigation allowed to elucidate new, despite preliminary, aspects about the structural mechanisms of this protein-protein binding event that remains, nowadays, one of the few molecular processes accepted form the scientific community as directly involved into the m-PTP sensitization. It is also reported, as a side project, the structural characterization of the interaction between human protein kinase CK2α (catalytic subunit) and a novel ruthenium-based polyoxometalate, which provides an interesting inhibition mechanism against the cancer-related CK2, at a molecular level.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/97994
URN:NBN:IT:UNIPD-97994