Les écrivains translingues franco-italiens entre deux siècles (XIXe-XXe). Luigi Gualdo, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Alberto Savinio

Without claiming to be exhaustive, this thesis aims to reconstruct a transnational Franco-Italian literary history by revisiting the wandering trajectories of three writers in the period between the fin de siècle and the avant- gardes (late 1860s - early 1950s): Luigi Gualdo (Milan 1844 - Paris 1898), Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (Alexandria of Egypt 1876 - Bellagio 1944) and Alberto Savinio (Athens 1891 - Rome 1952). Owing to the linguistic and creative practices shared by these authors, who use Italian and French both in their writing and in their translations and self-translations, we are led to associate them with the broader concept of “Literary Translingualism” (Kellman 2000). By profiling the three prototypical cases in the light of three major axes – “transnational mobility”, “intellectual nomadism” and “linguistic flânerie” (Bruera 2011) –, a common critical perspective emerges. On the one hand, we manage to determine how their wandering affects their “self-image” (Meizos 2022) as well as their artistic practice; on the other hand, we notice in what way the sharing of a common translingual practice, as well as a condition of intellectual hybridization, also reveal a diversification of singularities. In the attempt to link an “individual multilingualism” (Anokhina 2012) to a broader taxonomy of translingual writers, we also consider the self-translating activity of the Franco-Italian authors in the third part of our research. By establishing the theoretical framework of this disciplinary horizon, we undertake a linguistic, literary, translational, and socioliterary analysis of the chosen literary corpus. We also use a genetic criticism approach to archive documents to explore the hermeneutic course done by the author when rewriting a work in another language, and the translational strategies adopted at the time of the transfer.