This thesis analyzes innovative strategies useful for supporting children's active participation in school classrooms in relation to the use of digital media and concerns the methodology of communication facilitation that promotes agency, that is, their ability to make choices based on personal autonomy. The research summarizes the main results of the complex fieldwork involving 135 children from an elementary school in northern Italy, who participated in facilitated meetings and workshop activities in small groups. The project, divided into four phases, was structured over the course of two school years with facilitation activities in 6 classes according to a time schedule agreed with the teachers. The data collection and analysis, which characterized the empirical phase of this study, used a method that combines the tools of qualitative research with those proper to the quantitative approach to ensure greater completeness to the survey results. The thesis work has, first of all, highlighted different modes of facilitation activated during the research, with initial interventions by the facilitator proposing combined actions that fostered dialogue and redistributed epistemic authority equally between adults and children, and new facilitation actions present in the last phase, which supported peer coordination. In the latter case, the facilitator, by suspending the facilitation actions, increased the epistemic authority of the children, who independently investigated and deepened the reasons for their work, showing active participation in knowledge production. Secondly, the analysis of the interactions showed some problems encountered during the facilitation process, which made it possible to verify the facilitation actions that promote the production of agency and those that hinder it, in order to improve classroom interventions. Third, the study highlighted the use of digital as an innovative method that, alongside traditional methods, enabled children to gain greater autonomy by supporting their production of narratives. Finally, the work delved into the autonomous communicative processes that develop in peer interactions, and this was one of the most important and innovative aspects of the research. Observation of these interactions showed how children in their actions, which were neither encouraged nor supported by the facilitator's contributions, manifested agency, choosing ways and content to narrate experiences and points of view, using digital media in research and production of materials. The analysis of autonomous communication revealed some recurring characteristics related to peer communication. Interactions showed greater unpredictability due to children's autonomy of expression, thus agency, manifested mainly through: 1) conflicts and competitions, characterized by actions aimed at asserting epistemic authority, in terms of choices with respect to content, the meanings of the activities carried out and the 'use of digital tools; 2) negotiations, which allowed children to compare points of view or to manage disagreements by seeking solutions accepted by all; and 3) facilitation, experienced by one or more children within the group, which activated dialogic communicative forms similar to those of the adult facilitator. The research revealed differences and similarities between facilitator actions aimed at promoting agency, coordination of participation by children and autonomous peer communication.
Questa tesi analizza strategie innovative utili a sostenere la partecipazione attiva dei bambini nelle classi scolastiche in relazione all’uso dei media digitali e riguarda la metodologia di facilitazione della comunicazione che promuove l’agency, ovvero la loro capacità di scelta basata sull’autonomia personale. La ricerca riassume i risultati della complessa attività sul campo che ha coinvolto 135 bambini di una scuola primaria del nord Italia, che hanno partecipato ad incontri facilitati e attività laboratoriali in piccoli gruppi. Il progetto, suddiviso in quattro fasi, è stato strutturato nel corso di due anni scolastici con attività di facilitazione in 6 classi secondo una scansione temporale concordata con le insegnanti. La raccolta e l’analisi dei dati, che ha caratterizzato la fase empirica di questo studio, ha utilizzato un metodo che combina gli strumenti della ricerca qualitativa con quelli propri dell’approccio quantitativo, per garantire maggiore completezza ai risultati dell’indagine. Il lavoro di tesi ha, innanzitutto, evidenziato modalità diverse di facilitazione attivate durante la ricerca, con interventi iniziali da parte della facilitatrice che hanno proposto azioni combinate che hanno favorito il dialogo e ridistribuito equamente l’autorità epistemica tra adulti e bambini, e azioni di facilitazione nuove presenti nell’ultima fase, che hanno sostenuto il coordinamento tra pari. In questo secondo caso la facilitatrice, sospendendo le azioni di facilitazione, ha incrementato l’autorità epistemica dei bambini, che hanno indagato e approfondito autonomamente le ragioni del loro lavoro, mostrando partecipazione attiva alla produzione di conoscenza. In secondo luogo, l’analisi delle interazioni ha mostrato alcuni problemi incontrati durante il processo di facilitazione che hanno permesso di verificare le azioni di facilitazione che favoriscono la produzione di agency e quelle che la ostacolano, per migliorare gli interventi in classe. In terzo luogo, lo studio ha messo in luce l’uso del digitale come metodo innovativo che, affiancato a quelli tradizionali, ha permesso ai bambini di acquisire maggiori autonomie, sostenendo la loro produzione di narrazioni. Infine, il lavoro ha approfondito i processi comunicativi autonomi che si sviluppano nelle interazioni tra pari e questo ha rappresentato uno degli aspetti più importanti ed innovativi della ricerca. L’osservazione di queste interazioni ha mostrato come i bambini nelle loro azioni, che non sono state incoraggiate né sostenute dai contributi della facilitatrice, hanno manifestato agency, scegliendo modi e contenuti per narrare esperienze e punti di vista, utilizzando media digitali nella ricerca e nella produzione di materiali. L’analisi della comunicazione autonoma ha permesso di evidenziare alcune caratteristiche ricorrenti relative alla comunicazione tra pari. Le interazioni hanno mostrato una maggiore imprevedibilità dovuta all’autonomia di espressione, quindi all’agency dei bambini, che si è manifestata soprattutto attraverso: 1) conflitti e competizioni, caratterizzati da azioni volte ad affermare autorità epistemica, in termini di scelte rispetto ai contenuti, ai significati delle attività svolte e all’ uso degli strumenti digitali; 2) negoziazioni, che hanno permesso ai bambini di confrontare punti di vista oppure di gestire le divergenze ricercando soluzioni accettate da tutti; 3) facilitazioni, sperimentate da parte di uno o più bambini all'interno del gruppo, che hanno attivato forme comunicative dialogiche simili a quelle della facilitatrice adulta. La ricerca ha messo in luce differenze e somiglianze tra azioni della facilitatrice volte alla promozione dell’agency, coordinamento della partecipazione da parte dei bambini e comunicazione autonoma tra pari.
La facilitazione della partecipazione dei bambini in classe attraverso la creatività e l’uso delle nuove tecnologie
PIZZI, TIZIANA
2025
Abstract
This thesis analyzes innovative strategies useful for supporting children's active participation in school classrooms in relation to the use of digital media and concerns the methodology of communication facilitation that promotes agency, that is, their ability to make choices based on personal autonomy. The research summarizes the main results of the complex fieldwork involving 135 children from an elementary school in northern Italy, who participated in facilitated meetings and workshop activities in small groups. The project, divided into four phases, was structured over the course of two school years with facilitation activities in 6 classes according to a time schedule agreed with the teachers. The data collection and analysis, which characterized the empirical phase of this study, used a method that combines the tools of qualitative research with those proper to the quantitative approach to ensure greater completeness to the survey results. The thesis work has, first of all, highlighted different modes of facilitation activated during the research, with initial interventions by the facilitator proposing combined actions that fostered dialogue and redistributed epistemic authority equally between adults and children, and new facilitation actions present in the last phase, which supported peer coordination. In the latter case, the facilitator, by suspending the facilitation actions, increased the epistemic authority of the children, who independently investigated and deepened the reasons for their work, showing active participation in knowledge production. Secondly, the analysis of the interactions showed some problems encountered during the facilitation process, which made it possible to verify the facilitation actions that promote the production of agency and those that hinder it, in order to improve classroom interventions. Third, the study highlighted the use of digital as an innovative method that, alongside traditional methods, enabled children to gain greater autonomy by supporting their production of narratives. Finally, the work delved into the autonomous communicative processes that develop in peer interactions, and this was one of the most important and innovative aspects of the research. Observation of these interactions showed how children in their actions, which were neither encouraged nor supported by the facilitator's contributions, manifested agency, choosing ways and content to narrate experiences and points of view, using digital media in research and production of materials. The analysis of autonomous communication revealed some recurring characteristics related to peer communication. Interactions showed greater unpredictability due to children's autonomy of expression, thus agency, manifested mainly through: 1) conflicts and competitions, characterized by actions aimed at asserting epistemic authority, in terms of choices with respect to content, the meanings of the activities carried out and the 'use of digital tools; 2) negotiations, which allowed children to compare points of view or to manage disagreements by seeking solutions accepted by all; and 3) facilitation, experienced by one or more children within the group, which activated dialogic communicative forms similar to those of the adult facilitator. The research revealed differences and similarities between facilitator actions aimed at promoting agency, coordination of participation by children and autonomous peer communication.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Pizzi.pdf
accesso aperto
Dimensione
1.33 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.33 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/211150
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-211150