The subject of this thesis is the relationship between world and literature at the turn of the old and new millennium, considering the processes of globalization and creolization that have complicated the notions of contact, language, identity, and place. In particular, the thesis aims to analyze similarities and divergences between the poetics and the novels of Édouard Glissant, Luigi Meneghello, and Salman Rushdie through four main axes: 1) the globalization of the literary phenomenon (World Literature) and the movement within the transnational literary field; 2) the reflection and the particular novelistic form employed, which we define as worldly-novel, and its relationship both with the global novel and with the occidental tradition of the novel; 3) a rhizomatic and relational approach to authorship and identity, and the consequent narratological strategies (rhizome-narrator, multifocality); 4) the relationships between written and oral language, dominant and dominated languages, translingualism, the centrality of the poetics of translation, and transcultural intertextuality. Glissant’s poetics of relation arise from the search for a language/identity for the Martinican subject, torn between French (the written language of the colonizer) and Creole (oral). The context of the Antilles is, for Glissant, a model, as in the contemporary world everything is becoming creolized (identities hybridize with one another in violent and unpredictable ways): to the Western root-identity, Glissant opposes the identity-in-relation, which is founded on interaction with otherness. The writer of the tout-monde writes «in the presence of all the languages of the world»: writing is a multilingual practice, not generated by authorial genius, but by translational processes between languages. «Dispatriation» (dispatrio) is the generative force in Meneghello’s poetics: translations from English to Italian, through the Vicentine dialect, and his academic research in Reading characterize a transcultural way-of-life. The expatriated subject finds stability in a perpetual alternating current movement between identity poles. His novels are the site of an interplay that involves: the de-fascistization of the Italian language through free transitions between languages, and the overcoming of the conventions of realism and neorealism through poetic, anthropological, and essayistic contaminations. Rushdie interprets his migrant condition (Bombay, Karachi, London, New York) through the poetics of the «translated man»: hybridizing different languages, idioms, and cultures within one’s own identity from a transcultural perspective. Rushdie writes in an English creolized by the rhythms, music, and settings of Hindi/Urdu. His authorial condition allows for an understanding of the imagined nature of nations: Rushdie rewrites the Western bourgeois novel through polyphonic narration, a story of the crowd in which the writer becomes rhizomatic. It is an oral narrative in written form, a deconstruction of official history through a proliferation of microhistories.
L’oggetto della tesi è il rapporto tra mondo e letteratura a cavallo tra il vecchio e il nuovo millennio, alla luce dei processi di globalizzazione e di creolizzazione che hanno complicato le nozioni di contatto, lingua, identità, luogo. In particolare, la tesi si propone di analizzare similarità e divergenze tra le poetiche e le espressioni romanzesche di Édouard Glissant, Luigi Meneghello e Salman Rushdie attraverso quattro direttrici: 1) la mondializzazione del fatto letterario (Letteratura Mondiale) e il movimento nel campo letterario transnazionale; 2) la particolare riflessione e forma romanzo utilizzata, che definiamo come romanzo-mondo e il suo rapporto tanto col global novel quanto con la tradizione del romanzo; 3) un approccio rizomatico e relazionale alla propria autorialità e identità, e le conseguenti strategie narratologiche (narratore-rizoma, multifocalità); 4) i rapporti tra lingua scritta e lingua orale, lingua dominante e dominata, il translinguismo, la centralità della poetica della traduzione e l’intertestualità transculturale. La poetica della relazione di Glissant nasce dalla ricerca di una lingua/identità per il soggetto martinicano, diviso tra il francese (lingua scritta del colonizzatore) e il creolo (orale). Il contesto delle Antille è per Glissant un modello, in quanto nella contemporaneità tutto il mondo si creolizza (le identità si ibridano tra di loro in maniere violente e imprevedibili): all’identità-radice occidentale Glissant oppone l’identità-relazione, che si fonda nell’interazione col diverso. Lo scrittore del tout-monde scrive in presenza di tutte le lingue del mondo”: la scrittura è una pratica multilingue non generata dal genio autoriale, ma da processi traduttivi tra le lingue. Il dispatrio è il fuoco generativo della poetica di Meneghello: le traduzioni dall’inglese all’italiano, passando per il dialetto vicentino, e la ricerca accademica a Reading caratterizzano una forma-di-vita transculturale. Il soggetto dispatriato trova la propria stabilità nel perpetuo movimento a corrente alternata tra i poli identitari. I suoi romanzi sono il luogo di un interplay che gioca su: la defascistizzazione della lingua italiana attraverso i liberi trasporti tra le lingue e il superamento dei moduli del realismo e del neorealismo attraverso contaminazioni poetiche, antropologiche, saggistiche. Rushdie interpreta la sua condizione migrante (Bombay, Karachi, Londra, New York) attraverso la poetica dell’uomo-tradotto: ibridare nella propria identità differenti lingua, linguaggi, culture in un’ottica transculturale. Rushdie scrive in un inglese creolizzato attraverso i ritmi, le musiche, le località dell’hindi/urdu. La condizione autoriale permette di comprendere la natura immaginata delle nazioni: Rushdie riscrive il romanzo borghese occidentale attraverso una narrazione polifonica, un racconto della folla dove lo scrittore si rizomatizza. Trattasi di una narrazione orale in forma scritta, della decostruzione della storia officiale attraverso una proliferazione di microstorie.
Scritture della relazione. Comparazione tra Édouard Glissant, Luigi Meneghello e Salman Rushdie
BONASIA, MATTIA
2025
Abstract
The subject of this thesis is the relationship between world and literature at the turn of the old and new millennium, considering the processes of globalization and creolization that have complicated the notions of contact, language, identity, and place. In particular, the thesis aims to analyze similarities and divergences between the poetics and the novels of Édouard Glissant, Luigi Meneghello, and Salman Rushdie through four main axes: 1) the globalization of the literary phenomenon (World Literature) and the movement within the transnational literary field; 2) the reflection and the particular novelistic form employed, which we define as worldly-novel, and its relationship both with the global novel and with the occidental tradition of the novel; 3) a rhizomatic and relational approach to authorship and identity, and the consequent narratological strategies (rhizome-narrator, multifocality); 4) the relationships between written and oral language, dominant and dominated languages, translingualism, the centrality of the poetics of translation, and transcultural intertextuality. Glissant’s poetics of relation arise from the search for a language/identity for the Martinican subject, torn between French (the written language of the colonizer) and Creole (oral). The context of the Antilles is, for Glissant, a model, as in the contemporary world everything is becoming creolized (identities hybridize with one another in violent and unpredictable ways): to the Western root-identity, Glissant opposes the identity-in-relation, which is founded on interaction with otherness. The writer of the tout-monde writes «in the presence of all the languages of the world»: writing is a multilingual practice, not generated by authorial genius, but by translational processes between languages. «Dispatriation» (dispatrio) is the generative force in Meneghello’s poetics: translations from English to Italian, through the Vicentine dialect, and his academic research in Reading characterize a transcultural way-of-life. The expatriated subject finds stability in a perpetual alternating current movement between identity poles. His novels are the site of an interplay that involves: the de-fascistization of the Italian language through free transitions between languages, and the overcoming of the conventions of realism and neorealism through poetic, anthropological, and essayistic contaminations. Rushdie interprets his migrant condition (Bombay, Karachi, London, New York) through the poetics of the «translated man»: hybridizing different languages, idioms, and cultures within one’s own identity from a transcultural perspective. Rushdie writes in an English creolized by the rhythms, music, and settings of Hindi/Urdu. His authorial condition allows for an understanding of the imagined nature of nations: Rushdie rewrites the Western bourgeois novel through polyphonic narration, a story of the crowd in which the writer becomes rhizomatic. It is an oral narrative in written form, a deconstruction of official history through a proliferation of microhistories.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/304326
URN:NBN:IT:UNIROMA1-304326