This research examines the transformation of the concept of imagination in twentieth-century aesthetics and philosophy, tracing its development from Kantian thought through to the work of Lyotard and Deleuze. The starting point is the crisis of the representational paradigm and the gradual diminution of the imagination's mediating function, which is traditionally understood as a faculty that unites sensitivity and intellect. In Kant's work, particularly in the 'Analytic of the Sublime', a new perspective emerges in which the imagination recognises its limitations in the face of the immeasurable. This gives rise to a fresh approach to aesthetic experience, centred on the boundaries, void and discontinuity of representation. In Lyotard's philosophy, the sublime becomes a battleground between imagination and reason, a realm where the unpresentable exposes the fractured nature of aesthetic experience. From this perspective, imagination loses its conciliatory function and becomes a field of permanent tension where thought is measured against that which exceeds any completed form. Deleuze further develops this fracture by interpreting chaos and difference as generative principles of sensory experience. From being a faculty of mediation, imagination becomes a force of production and metamorphosis — a place where ever-provisional forms emerge. Against the backdrop of the twentieth-century crisis of representation, the investigation reveals a dual movement of failure and reconstitution in the imagination. The poetics of the century, from Giacometti to Beckett, bear witness to this profound shift: matter becomes ethereal, the figure dissipates and language shrinks to the brink of silence. These experiences give rise to a different understanding of form, which is no longer seen as an expression of fullness, but rather as the trace of a process that opens up at its own limit. The research's main outcome is the identification of a theoretical constellation that runs through contemporary aesthetics. Despite the crisis of its traditional role, imagination continues to operate as a principle of dislocation and openness of thought. In this sense, imagination becomes the figure of a threshold: a space in which form regenerates itself from its own fragility and the philosophical vision of art and aesthetic experience is rethought as a practice of limits.
La presente ricerca esamina la trasformazione del concetto di immaginazione nell’estetica e nella filosofia del Novecento, seguendo il percorso che dal pensiero kantiano conduce al confronto con Lyotard e Deleuze. Il punto di partenza è rappresentato dalla crisi del paradigma rappresentativo e dal progressivo indebolimento della funzione mediatrice dell’immaginazione, tradizionalmente intesa come facoltà capace di unire sensibilità e intelletto. Con Kant, in particolare attraverso l’Analitica del sublime, si apre un orizzonte in cui l’immaginazione sperimenta la propria insufficienza di fronte all’incommensurabile, dando origine a una nuova configurazione dell’esperienza estetica fondata sul limite, sul vuoto e sulla discontinuità del rappresentare. Nel pensiero di Lyotard, il sublime diviene luogo del dissidio fra immaginazione e ragione, ambito in cui l’impresentabile rivela la struttura fratturata dell’esperienza estetica. L’immaginazione, in questa prospettiva, perde la propria funzione conciliativa e si trasforma in campo di tensione permanente, dove il pensiero si misura con ciò che eccede ogni forma compiuta. Deleuze sviluppa ulteriormente questa frattura, interpretando il caos e la differenza come principi generativi dell’esperienza sensibile: l’immaginazione, da facoltà di mediazione, diventa forza di produzione e di metamorfosi, luogo di emersione di forme sempre provvisorie. L’indagine si colloca sullo sfondo della crisi novecentesca della rappresentazione, in cui l’immaginazione appare segnata da un duplice movimento di fallimento e di ricostituzione. Le poetiche del secolo, da Giacometti a Beckett, testimoniano questa mutazione profonda: la materia si fa sottile, la figura si disperde, il linguaggio si contrae fino a sfiorare il silenzio. Da tali esperienze emerge una diversa comprensione della forma, intesa non come espressione di pienezza, ma come traccia di un processo che si apre sul suo stesso limite. L’esito complessivo della ricerca coincide con l’identificazione di una costellazione teorica che attraversa l’estetica contemporanea. L’immaginazione, pur nella crisi del suo ruolo tradizionale, continua a operare come principio di dislocazione e di apertura del pensiero. In questo senso, essa diventa la figura di una soglia: uno spazio in cui la forma si rigenera a partire dalla propria fragilità, e in cui la visione filosofica dell’arte e dell’esperienza estetica si ripensa come pratica del limite
L’immaginazione negativa. Dal sublime postmoderno alla crisi della rappresentazione
DE NITTIS, GIANNI
2026
Abstract
This research examines the transformation of the concept of imagination in twentieth-century aesthetics and philosophy, tracing its development from Kantian thought through to the work of Lyotard and Deleuze. The starting point is the crisis of the representational paradigm and the gradual diminution of the imagination's mediating function, which is traditionally understood as a faculty that unites sensitivity and intellect. In Kant's work, particularly in the 'Analytic of the Sublime', a new perspective emerges in which the imagination recognises its limitations in the face of the immeasurable. This gives rise to a fresh approach to aesthetic experience, centred on the boundaries, void and discontinuity of representation. In Lyotard's philosophy, the sublime becomes a battleground between imagination and reason, a realm where the unpresentable exposes the fractured nature of aesthetic experience. From this perspective, imagination loses its conciliatory function and becomes a field of permanent tension where thought is measured against that which exceeds any completed form. Deleuze further develops this fracture by interpreting chaos and difference as generative principles of sensory experience. From being a faculty of mediation, imagination becomes a force of production and metamorphosis — a place where ever-provisional forms emerge. Against the backdrop of the twentieth-century crisis of representation, the investigation reveals a dual movement of failure and reconstitution in the imagination. The poetics of the century, from Giacometti to Beckett, bear witness to this profound shift: matter becomes ethereal, the figure dissipates and language shrinks to the brink of silence. These experiences give rise to a different understanding of form, which is no longer seen as an expression of fullness, but rather as the trace of a process that opens up at its own limit. The research's main outcome is the identification of a theoretical constellation that runs through contemporary aesthetics. Despite the crisis of its traditional role, imagination continues to operate as a principle of dislocation and openness of thought. In this sense, imagination becomes the figure of a threshold: a space in which form regenerates itself from its own fragility and the philosophical vision of art and aesthetic experience is rethought as a practice of limits.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14242/362760
URN:NBN:IT:UNIMORE-362760